---
title: vexatious — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «vexatious» in the school dictionary: Vexatious means annoying and troublesome, causing worry or bother again and again. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# vexatious

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**Who acts:** Vexatious, vexatious case, vexatious fly, vexatious questions, Tom, master · **What happens:** mean, cause, bother, be, bring, annoy · **To what, where:** worry, one, law, someone, teacher sigh, Edmund

<!-- .vabout -->
«vexatious» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [vexatious in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/vexatious.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Vexatious means annoying and troublesome, causing worry or bother again and again.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vexatious:m1:1
# text = Vexatious means annoying and troublesome, causing worry or bother again and again.
1	Vexatious	Vexatious	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	annoying	annoying	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	troublesome	troublesome	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	causing	cause	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
8	worry	worry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	bother	bother	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
11	again	again	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	again	again	ADV	RB	_	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Vexatious |  |  |  |  | annoying *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **cause** | gerund | Vexatious *not said here* | worry |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition worry=Patient |
| 3 | **bother** | infinitive | Vexatious *not said here* |  |  |  | again |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In law, a vexatious case is one brought only to annoy someone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vexatious:m2:1
# text = In law, a vexatious case is one brought only to annoy someone.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	vexatious	vexatious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	case	case	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
9	brought	bring	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
10	only	only	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	annoy	annoy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	advcl	_	_
13	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a vexatious case | one |  | law |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **bring** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **annoy** | to-infinitive |  | someone |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus someone=Experiencer |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The vexatious fly kept buzzing at my ear.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vexatious:x1:1
# text = The vexatious fly kept buzzing at my ear.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	vexatious	vexatious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	fly	fly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	buzzing	buzz	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	xcomp	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	ear	ear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | past | the vexatious fly |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **buzz** | gerund | the vexatious fly *not said here* |  |  |  |  | at my ear | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Agent at ear=Stimulus |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tom's vexatious questions made the teacher sigh.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vexatious:x2:1
# text = Tom's vexatious questions made the teacher sigh.
1	Tom	Tom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	vexatious	vexatious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	questions	question	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	sigh	sigh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | Tom's vexatious questions | the teacher sigh |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sigh=Product |
| 2 | **question** |  | Tom |  |  |  |  |  | nom question «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The master punished Edmund for his vexatious habit of arguing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vexatious:x3:1
# text = The master punished Edmund for his vexatious habit of arguing.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	master	master	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	punished	punish	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	Edmund	Edmund	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
7	vexatious	vexatious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	habit	habit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
10	arguing	argue	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **punish** | past | the master | Edmund |  |  |  | for master's vexatious habit | vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent edmund=Patient for habit=Theme |
| 2 | **argue** *speech: disagree* | gerund | master's vexatious habit *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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