---
title: viceroy — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «viceroy» in the school dictionary: A viceroy is a person sent by a king or queen to rule a country or colony in their name. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# viceroy

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** viceroy, country, orange North American butterfly, king, Spanish viceroys, Lord · **What happens:** be, send, rule, name, look, live · **To what, where:** person, country, name, huge palace, viceroy, colony · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«viceroy» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [viceroy in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/viceroy.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A viceroy is a person sent by a king or queen to rule a country or colony in their name.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:viceroy:m1:1
# text = A viceroy is a person sent by a king or queen to rule a country or colony in their name.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	viceroy	viceroy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	sent	send	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	queen	queen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	rule	rule	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	colony	colony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a viceroy | a person |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **send** | participle |  | a person *not said here* |  |  |  | by a king or queen | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **rule** | to-infinitive |  | a country or colony |  | country's name |  |  | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent country=Theme |
| 4 | **name** |  | country |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The viceroy is also the name of an orange North American butterfly that looks like the monarch.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:viceroy:m2:1
# text = The viceroy is also the name of an orange North American butterfly that looks like the monarch.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	viceroy	viceroy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
8	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
9	orange	orange	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
10	North	North	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
11	American	American	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	butterfly	butterfly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
13	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
14	looks	look	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	acl:relcl	_	_
15	like	like	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	monarch	monarch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the viceroy | the name |  |  |  | of a orange North American butterfly | tree rules |
| 2 | **look** | present | a orange North American butterfly |  |  |  |  | like the monarch | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Viceroy of India lived in a huge palace in Delhi.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:viceroy:x1:1
# text = The Viceroy of India lived in a huge palace in Delhi.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Viceroy	Viceroy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	India	India	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	huge	huge	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	palace	palace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Delhi	Delhi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | past | the Viceroy of India |  |  | a huge palace in Delhi |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in palace=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The king sent a viceroy to govern the colony.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:viceroy:x2:1
# text = The king sent a viceroy to govern the colony.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	viceroy	viceroy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	govern	govern	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	colony	colony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past | the king | a viceroy |  |  |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent viceroy=Theme |
| 2 | **govern** | to-infinitive | the king *not said here* | the colony |  |  |  |  | vn supervision-95.2.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent colony=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Spanish viceroys ruled Mexico for nearly three hundred years.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:viceroy:x3:1
# text = Spanish viceroys ruled Mexico for nearly three hundred years.
1	Spanish	Spanish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	viceroys	viceroy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	ruled	rule	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	Mexico	Mexico	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	nearly	nearly	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
7	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	compound	_	_
8	hundred	hundred	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rule** | past | Spanish viceroys | Mexico |  |  | year |  | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent mexico=Result |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lord Mountbatten was the last Viceroy of India in 1947.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:viceroy:x4:1
# text = Lord Mountbatten was the last Viceroy of India in 1947.
1	Lord	Lord	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	Mountbatten	Mountbatten	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	Viceroy	Viceroy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	India	India	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	1947	1947	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Lord | the last Viceroy |  | 1947 |  | of India | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The people had to obey the viceroy's orders.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:viceroy:x5:1
# text = The people had to obey the viceroy's orders.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	obey	obey	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	viceroy	viceroy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	orders	order	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the people |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **obey** | to-infinitive | the people *not said here* | the viceroy's orders |  |  |  |  | vn abide\_by-93.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent order=Theme |
| 3 | **order** |  | the viceroy |  |  |  |  |  | nom order «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A viceroy butterfly looks a lot like a monarch butterfly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:viceroy:x6:1
# text = A viceroy butterfly looks a lot like a monarch butterfly.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	viceroy	viceroy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	butterfly	butterfly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	looks	look	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	lot	lot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	like	like	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	monarch	monarch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	butterfly	butterfly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | present | a viceroy butterfly | a lot |  |  |  | like a monarch butterfly | vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme lot=Attribute |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“And for that reason,” said the native officer, twirling his mustache, “your Amir whom you do not obey must come here and take orders from our Viceroy.”

<!-- fold The tree, 27 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:viceroy:x7:1
# text = “And for that reason,” said the native officer, twirling his mustache, “your Amir whom you do not obey must come here and take orders from our Viceroy.”
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	det	_	_
5	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	native	native	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	officer	officer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	twirling	twirl	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	advcl	_	_
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	mustache	mustache	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
17	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	Amir	amir	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nsubj	_	_
20	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	24	obj	_	_
21	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
22	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
23	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	24	advmod	_	_
24	obey	obey	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	acl:relcl	_	_
25	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
26	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	advcl	_	_
27	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	26	advmod	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	take	take	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	conj	_	_
30	orders	order	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	obj	_	_
31	from	from	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	33	nmod:poss	_	_
33	Viceroy	viceroy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | that reason | the native officer |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent officer=Topic |
| 2 | **twirl** | gerund | that reason *not said here* | reason's mustache |  |  |  |  | vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: agent=Agent mustache=Material |
| 3 | **not** **obey** *in a quote* | present · do-support | you | your Amir |  |  |  |  | vn abide\_by-93.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent whom=Theme |
| 4 | **come** *in a quote* | must | your Amir |  |  | here |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **take** *in a quote* | present | your Amir *not said here* | orders |  | our Viceroy |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent order=Theme from viceroy=Initial\_Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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