---
title: vietnamese — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «vietnamese» in the school dictionary: From or to do with Vietnam, a country in South-East Asia. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# vietnamese

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** We, Vietnamese noodle soup, grandparents, same sound, Vietnamese coast, Vietnamese bakery · **What happens:** do, speak, eat, call, use, mean · **To what, where:** language, Vietnam, Vietnamese noodle soup, pho, tones, different things · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«vietnamese» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [vietnamese in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/vietnamese.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
From or to do with Vietnam, a country in South-East Asia.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vietnamese:m1:1
# text = From or to do with Vietnam, a country in South-East Asia.
1	From	from	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	do	do	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Vietnam	Vietnam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
11	South	South	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	East	East	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	Asia	Asia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | with Vietnam | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person from Vietnam or of Vietnamese family.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vietnamese:m2:1
# text = A person from Vietnam or of Vietnamese family.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Vietnam	Vietnam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	Vietnamese	Vietnamese	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The language spoken in Vietnam.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vietnamese:m3:1
# text = The language spoken in Vietnam.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	spoken	speak	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Vietnam	Vietnam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | participle |  | the language *not said here* |  | Vietnam |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We ate Vietnamese noodle soup called pho.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vietnamese:x1:1
# text = We ate Vietnamese noodle soup called pho.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	ate	eat	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Vietnamese	Vietnamese	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
4	noodle	noodle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	soup	soup	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	pho	pho	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | past | We | Vietnamese noodle soup |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent soup=Patient |
| 2 | **call** | participle | Vietnamese noodle soup *not said here* | pho |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My friend's grandparents speak Vietnamese at home.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vietnamese:x2:1
# text = My friend's grandparents speak Vietnamese at home.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	grandparents	grandparent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	speak	speak	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	Vietnamese	Vietnamese	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	home	home	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | present | My friend's grandparents |  |  |  |  | vietnamese *property* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Vietnamese uses tones, so the same sound can mean different things.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vietnamese:x3:1
# text = Vietnamese uses tones, so the same sound can mean different things.
1	Vietnamese	Vietnamese	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	uses	use	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	tones	tone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
5	so	so	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
9	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	parataxis	_	_
11	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present |  | tones |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tone=Patient |
| 2 | **mean** | can | the same sound | different things |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Topic |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Vietnamese coast is very long and thin.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vietnamese:x4:1
# text = The Vietnamese coast is very long and thin.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Vietnamese	Vietnamese	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	coast	coast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	very	very	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	thin	thin	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the Vietnamese coast |  |  |  |  | long *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | the Vietnamese coast *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There is a Vietnamese bakery near our school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vietnamese:x5:1
# text = There is a Vietnamese bakery near our school.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	Vietnamese	Vietnamese	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	bakery	bakery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
6	near	near	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | a Vietnamese bakery near our school |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She is learning to write Vietnamese with all its accents.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vietnamese:x6:1
# text = She is learning to write Vietnamese with all its accents.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	learning	learn	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	write	write	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	Vietnamese	Vietnamese	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	10	det:predet	_	_
9	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	accents	accent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | present · progressive | She |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **write** | to-infinitive | She *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vietnamese *property* | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **accent** |  | its *= it* |  |  |  |  |  | nom accent «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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