---
title: vigil — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «vigil» in the school dictionary: A vigil is a time when you stay awake, especially at night, to watch over someone or something or to pray. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# vigil

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** vigil, you, people, family, soldiers, Rat · **What happens:** be, stay, watch, pray, remember, show · **To what, where:** time, someone, quiet gathering, service, vigil, candlelit vigil · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«vigil» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [vigil in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/vigil.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A vigil is a time when you stay awake, especially at night, to watch over someone or something or to pray.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vigil:m1:1
# text = A vigil is a time when you stay awake, especially at night, to watch over someone or something or to pray.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	vigil	vigil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	stay	stay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
9	awake	awake	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
12	at	at	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	watch	watch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	_
17	over	over	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	16	obl	_	_
19	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	18	conj	_	_
21	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
22	to	to	PART	TO	_	23	mark	_	_
23	pray	pray	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a vigil | a time |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **stay** | present | you |  |  |  | night | awake *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **watch** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  | someone |  |  | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent over someone=Location |
| 4 | **pray** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn long-32.2 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A vigil is a quiet gathering of people to remember someone or to show they care about something, often with candles.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vigil:m2:1
# text = A vigil is a quiet gathering of people to remember someone or to show they care about something, often with candles.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	vigil	vigil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	quiet	quiet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	gathering	gathering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	remember	remember	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	acl	_	_
11	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	10	obj	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	show	show	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	conj	_	_
15	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	care	care	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	ccomp	_	_
17	about	about	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	often	often	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
21	with	with	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	candles	candle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a vigil | a quiet gathering |  |  |  | of people | tree rules |
| 2 | **remember** | to-infinitive |  | someone |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent someone=Theme |
| 3 | **show** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **care** | present | people |  |  |  |  | about something | vn care-88.1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus what S»: agent=Experiencer about something=Stimulus |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: church — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A vigil is a service on the evening before a holy day, such as the Easter Vigil.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vigil:m3:1
# text = A vigil is a service on the evening before a holy day, such as the Easter Vigil.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	vigil	vigil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	service	service	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	evening	evening	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	before	before	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	holy	holy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
14	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	18	case	_	_
15	as	as	ADP	IN	_	14	fixed	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	Easter	Easter	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	Vigil	Vigil	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a vigil | a service and the Easter Vigil |  |  | day; evening |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The family kept a vigil by Grandad's bed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vigil:x1:1
# text = The family kept a vigil by Grandad's bed.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	vigil	vigil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	Grandad	Grandad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	bed	bed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | past | the family | a vigil |  |  |  | by Grandad's bed | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent vigil=Theme by bed=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
People held a candlelit vigil for the victims.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vigil:x2:1
# text = People held a candlelit vigil for the victims.
1	People	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	held	hold	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	candlelit	candlelit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	vigil	vigil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	victims	victim	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | past | People | a candlelit vigil |  |  |  | for the victims | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent vigil=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Easter Vigil is held on Saturday night.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vigil:x3:1
# text = The Easter Vigil is held on Saturday night.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Easter	Easter	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	Vigil	Vigil	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	held	hold	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	Saturday	Saturday	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | present · passive |  | the Easter Vigil |  |  | night |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The soldiers kept vigil at the gate.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vigil:x4:1
# text = The soldiers kept vigil at the gate.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	soldiers	soldier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	vigil	vigil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	gate	gate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | past | the soldiers | vigil |  | the gate |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent vigil=Theme at gate=Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rat and Mole kept vigil all night by the river.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vigil:x5:1
# text = Rat and Mole kept vigil all night by the river.
1	Rat	Rat	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	Mole	Mole	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	vigil	vigil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | past | Rat and Mole | vigil |  |  | night | by the river | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent vigil=Theme by river=Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She kept a long vigil waiting for news.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vigil:x6:1
# text = She kept a long vigil waiting for news.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	vigil	vigil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	waiting	wait	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	news	news	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | past | She | a long vigil |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent vigil=Theme |
| 2 | **wait** | gerund | a long vigil *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for news | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then he passed his vigils in Brugeford Chapel, and at dawn of day took his post on the Worm's Rock in the River Wear.

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vigil:x7:1
# text = Then he passed his vigils in Brugeford Chapel, and at dawn of day took his post on the Worm's Rock in the River Wear.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	passed	pass	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	vigils	vigil	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	Brugeford	Brugeford	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	Chapel	Chapel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
11	at	at	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	dawn	dawn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
15	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
16	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	post	post	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
18	on	on	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	Worm	worm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	's	's	PART	POS	_	20	case	_	_
22	Rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
23	in	in	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	River	River	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	_
26	Wear	Wear	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pass** | past | he | his vigils |  | Brugeford Chapel | then |  | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent vigil=Theme in chapel=Destination |
| 2 | **take** | past | he *not said here* | Chapel's post |  | the Worm's Rock | dawn | in the River Wear | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent post=Theme on rock=Destination |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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