---
title: villain — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «villain» in the school dictionary: A villain is a bad character in a story, play or film who does evil things and fights against the hero. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/V/villain/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [V](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/V/) / villain

# villain

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** villain, film, person, good story, you, police · **What happens:** be, do, want, steal, need, laugh · **To what, where:** bad character, story, evil things, wrong things, crown, hero

<!-- .vabout -->
«villain» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [villain in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/villain.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A villain is a bad character in a story, play or film who does evil things and fights against the hero.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:villain:m1:1
# text = A villain is a bad character in a story, play or film who does evil things and fights against the hero.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	villain	villain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	character	character	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	play	play	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
14	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
15	does	do	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	acl:relcl	_	_
16	evil	evil	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	fights	fight	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	conj	_	_
20	against	against	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	hero	hero	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a villain | a bad character |  | a story and play or film |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** | present | film | evil things and fights |  |  |  | against the hero | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person who does wrong or harmful things; a criminal.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:villain:m2:1
# text = A person who does wrong or harmful things; a criminal.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	does	do	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	harmful	harmful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
8	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	criminal	criminal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | present | a person | wrong things |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Eventuality |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The villain wanted to steal the crown.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:villain:x1:1
# text = The villain wanted to steal the crown.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	villain	villain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	wanted	want	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	steal	steal	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	crown	crown	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **want** | past | the villain |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **steal** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the villain *not said here* | the crown |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location crown=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Every good story needs a hero and a villain.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:villain:x2:1
# text = Every good story needs a hero and a villain.
1	Every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	det	_	_
2	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	needs	need	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	hero	hero	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	villain	villain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | every good story | a hero and a villain |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot hero=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The villain laughed an evil laugh.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:villain:x3:1
# text = The villain laughed an evil laugh.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	villain	villain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	laughed	laugh	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	evil	evil	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	laugh	laugh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **laugh** | past | the villain | a evil laugh |  |  |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent laugh=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Describe your villain using strong adjectives.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:villain:x4:1
# text = Describe your villain using strong adjectives.
1	Describe	describe	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	villain	villain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	using	use	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	advcl	_	_
5	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	adjectives	adjective	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **describe** | imperative | you *not said here* | your villain |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent villain=Theme |
| 2 | **use** | gerund | you *not said here* | strong adjectives |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent adjective=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The police caught the villain.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:villain:x5:1
# text = The police caught the villain.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	police	police	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	caught	catch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	villain	villain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **catch** | past | the police | the villain |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent villain=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the pantomime, everyone boos the villain.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:villain:x6:1
# text = In the pantomime, everyone boos the villain.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	pantomime	pantomime	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	6	nsubj	_	_
6	boos	boo	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	villain	villain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **boo** | present | everyone | the villain |  | the pantomime |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Villain!" shouted all the Pygmies at once.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:villain:x7:1
# text = "Villain!" shouted all the Pygmies at once.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Villain	villain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	shouted	shout	VERB	VBD	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	8	det:predet	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Pygmies	pygmy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shout** *speech: express* | past | Villain | all Pygmies |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pygmy=Topic |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [villager](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/V/villager/)
- next →: [villainous](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/V/villainous/)
- ↑ back to [V in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/V/)