---
title: villainous — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «villainous» in the school dictionary: Villainous means very wicked, like a villain in a story; looking like a crook. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# villainous

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**Who acts:** Villainous, villainous wolf, pirates, villainous song · **What happens:** mean, look, creep, have, ring out · **To what, where:** cottage, villainous faces, ship

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«villainous» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [villainous in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/villainous.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Villainous means very wicked, like a villain in a story; looking like a crook.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:villainous:m1:1
# text = Villainous means very wicked, like a villain in a story; looking like a crook.
1	Villainous	Villainous	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	very	very	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	wicked	wicked	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	like	like	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	villain	villain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
13	looking	look	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
14	like	like	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	crook	crook	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Villainous |  |  |  |  | wicked *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **look** | gerund | Villainous *not said here* |  |  |  |  | like a crook | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The villainous wolf crept towards the cottage.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:villainous:x1:1
# text = The villainous wolf crept towards the cottage.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	villainous	villainous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	wolf	wolf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	crept	creep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	towards	towards	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	cottage	cottage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **creep** | past | the villainous wolf |  |  | the cottage |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme towards cottage=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The pirates had villainous faces.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:villainous:x2:1
# text = The pirates had villainous faces.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pirates	pirate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	villainous	villainous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	faces	face	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the pirates | villainous faces |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent face=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A villainous song rang out from the ship.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:villainous:x3:1
# text = A villainous song rang out from the ship.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	villainous	villainous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	song	song	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	rang	ring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	out	out	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	ship	ship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ring out** | past | a villainous song |  |  | the ship |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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