---
title: vindictive — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «vindictive» in the school dictionary: Vindictive means wanting to get back at someone and hurt them for a wrong done to you. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# vindictive

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**Who acts:** Vindictive, vindictive witch, father, you · **What happens:** mean, want, get back, hurt, do, curse · **To what, where:** someone, them, you, prince, him · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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«vindictive» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [vindictive in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/vindictive.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Vindictive means wanting to get back at someone and hurt them for a wrong done to you.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vindictive:m1:1
# text = Vindictive means wanting to get back at someone and hurt them for a wrong done to you.
1	Vindictive	Vindictive	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	wanting	want	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	ccomp	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	back	back	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	hurt	hurt	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
11	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	wrong	wrong	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
15	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	advcl	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Vindictive |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **want** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 3 | **get back** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  | someone |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **hurt** | infinitive |  | them *= they* |  |  |  | for a wrong | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer they=Patient |
| 5 | **do** | participle |  |  | you |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The vindictive witch cursed the prince.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vindictive:x1:1
# text = The vindictive witch cursed the prince.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	vindictive	vindictive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	witch	witch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	cursed	curse	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	prince	prince	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **curse** | participle | the vindictive witch *not said here* | the prince |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prince=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her father spoke with a vindictive smile.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vindictive:x2:1
# text = Her father spoke with a vindictive smile.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	vindictive	vindictive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	smile	smile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | Her father |  |  |  |  | with a vindictive smile | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with smile=Co-Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't be vindictive; forgive him.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vindictive:x3:1
# text = Don't be vindictive; forgive him.
1	Do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	cop	_	_
4	vindictive	vindictive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	csubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
6	forgive	forgive	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
7	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **not** **is** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | vindictive *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **forgive** | infinitive |  | him *= he* |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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