---
title: violence — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «violence» in the school dictionary: Violence is behaviour that uses physical force to hurt, injure or kill someone or to damage something. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# violence

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Violence behaviour, Violence, you, storm, police, Schools · **What happens:** be, use, hurt, injure, kill, damage · **To what, where:** Violence behaviour, physical force, someone, something, great force, strong wild anger · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«violence» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [violence in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/violence.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Violence is behaviour that uses physical force to hurt, injure or kill someone or to damage something.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:violence:m1:1
# text = Violence is behaviour that uses physical force to hurt, injure or kill someone or to damage something.
1	Violence	violence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	behaviour	behaviour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	uses	use	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
6	physical	physical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	force	force	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	hurt	hurt	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	injure	injure	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	conj	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	kill	kill	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	conj	_	_
14	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	13	obj	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	damage	damage	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	conj	_	_
18	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | Violence behaviour |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | present | Violence behaviour | physical force |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent force=Patient |
| 3 | **hurt** | to-infinitive | Violence behaviour *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **injure** | infinitive | Violence behaviour *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **kill** | infinitive | Violence behaviour *not said here* | someone |  |  |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Theme |
| 6 | **damage** | to-infinitive | Violence behaviour *not said here* | something |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Violence is great force or strength, as in a storm: «the violence of the wind».

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:violence:m2:1
# text = Violence is great force or strength, as in a storm: «the violence of the wind».
1	Violence	violence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	force	force	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	strength	strength	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	as	as	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	violence	violence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	appos	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Violence | great force or strength |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Violence can also mean strong, wild anger or feeling.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:violence:m3:1
# text = Violence can also mean strong, wild anger or feeling.
1	Violence	violence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	wild	wild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	anger	anger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	feeling	feeling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | Violence | strong wild anger or feeling |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anger=Topic |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Violence is never the answer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:violence:x1:1
# text = Violence is never the answer.
1	Violence	violence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	answer	answer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is a** | present | Violence | the answer |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The film is rated 12 because of violence.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:violence:x2:1
# text = The film is rated 12 because of violence.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	rated	rate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	12	12	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	xcomp	_	_
6	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	8	case	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	fixed	_	_
8	violence	violence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rate** | present · passive |  | the film |  |  |  | because violence | vn price-54.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tell an adult if you see violence at school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:violence:x3:1
# text = Tell an adult if you see violence at school.
1	Tell	tell	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	adult	adult	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	see	see	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
7	violence	violence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | imperative | you *not said here* |  | a adult |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent adult=Recipient |
| 2 | **see** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | you | violence |  | school |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer violence=Stimulus |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The storm hit the coast with great violence.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:violence:x4:1
# text = The storm hit the coast with great violence.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	hit	hit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	coast	coast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	violence	violence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hit** | past | the storm | the coast |  |  |  | with great violence | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent coast=Patient with violence=Instrument |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The police stopped the violence.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:violence:x5:1
# text = The police stopped the violence.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	police	police	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	stopped	stop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	violence	violence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | past | the police | the violence |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality violence=Eventuality |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Schools teach ways to solve problems without violence.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:violence:x6:1
# text = Schools teach ways to solve problems without violence.
1	Schools	school	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	teach	teach	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	ways	way	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	solve	solve	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	acl	_	_
6	problems	problem	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
7	without	without	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	violence	violence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **teach** *speech: other* | present | Schools | ways |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent way=Recipient |
| 2 | **solve** | to-infinitive | Schools *not said here* | problems |  |  |  | without violence | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent problem=Topic |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The volcano erupted with terrible violence.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:violence:x7:1
# text = The volcano erupted with terrible violence.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	volcano	volcano	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	erupted	erupt	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	terrible	terrible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	violence	violence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **erupt** | past | the volcano |  |  |  |  | with terrible violence | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Such mistrust, such violence, would cause them both great unhappiness.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:violence:x8:1
# text = Such mistrust, such violence, would cause them both great unhappiness.
1	Such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	mistrust	mistrust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	violence	violence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
7	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	cause	cause	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
9	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	12	det	_	_
11	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	unhappiness	unhappiness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | would | Such mistrust and such violence | them *= they* |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Causer they=Theme unhappiness=Eventuality |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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