---
title: vulnerability — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «vulnerability» in the school dictionary: Vulnerability is being easy to hurt, harm or attack, in body or feelings. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# vulnerability

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Vulnerability, weak point, something, hackers, Babies, heel · **What happens:** be, hurt, let, happen, use, mean · **To what, where:** weak point, something, weakness, program, weak back gate, greater vulnerability · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«vulnerability» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [vulnerability in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/vulnerability.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Vulnerability is being easy to hurt, harm or attack, in body or feelings.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vulnerability:m1:1
# text = Vulnerability is being easy to hurt, harm or attack, in body or feelings.
1	Vulnerability	vulnerability	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	cop	_	_
4	easy	easy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	hurt	hurt	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	harm	harm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	parataxis	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	attack	attack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	feelings	feeling	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Vulnerability |  |  |  |  | easy *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **hurt** | to-infinitive | Vulnerability *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A vulnerability is a weak point that could let something bad happen.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vulnerability:m2:1
# text = A vulnerability is a weak point that could let something bad happen.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	vulnerability	vulnerability	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	weak	weak	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	point	point	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
8	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	acl:relcl	_	_
10	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	9	obj	_	_
11	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
12	happen	happen	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a vulnerability | a weak point |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **let** | could | a weak point | something |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **happen** | infinitive | something *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: computers — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A vulnerability is a weakness in a program that hackers could use.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vulnerability:m3:1
# text = A vulnerability is a weakness in a program that hackers could use.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	vulnerability	vulnerability	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	weakness	weakness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	program	program	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
10	hackers	hacker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
11	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	use	use	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a vulnerability | a weakness |  | a program |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | could | hackers | a program *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent program=Patient |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Vulnerability can also mean being open and honest about your feelings, even when it is hard.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vulnerability:m4:1
# text = Vulnerability can also mean being open and honest about your feelings, even when it is hard.
1	Vulnerability	vulnerability	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	cop	_	_
6	open	open	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	ccomp	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	honest	honest	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	_
9	about	about	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	feelings	feeling	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
13	even	even	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
14	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	17	advmod	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	expl	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
17	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | Vulnerability |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | open *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** |  |  |  |  |  |  | about your feelings | tree rules |
| 4 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | hard *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The castle's vulnerability was its weak back gate.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vulnerability:x1:1
# text = The castle's vulnerability was its weak back gate.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	vulnerability	vulnerability	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
6	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
7	weak	weak	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	gate	gate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the castle's vulnerability | vulnerability's weak back gate |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Babies and old people have a greater vulnerability to cold.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vulnerability:x2:1
# text = Babies and old people have a greater vulnerability to cold.
1	Babies	baby	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
3	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
5	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	greater	great	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	8	amod	_	_
8	vulnerability	vulnerability	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Babies and old people | a greater vulnerability |  |  |  | to cold | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent vulnerability=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Achilles' heel was his only vulnerability.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vulnerability:x3:1
# text = Achilles' heel was his only vulnerability.
1	Achilles	Achilles	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	'	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	heel	heel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	only	only	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	vulnerability	vulnerability	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Achilles's heel | Achilles's only vulnerability |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The update fixed a vulnerability in the app.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vulnerability:x4:1
# text = The update fixed a vulnerability in the app.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	update	update	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	fixed	fix	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	vulnerability	vulnerability	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	app	app	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fix** | past | the update | a vulnerability |  | the app |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent vulnerability=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Talking about your worries shows vulnerability, and that takes courage.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vulnerability:x5:1
# text = Talking about your worries shows vulnerability, and that takes courage.
1	Talking	talk	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	csubj	_	_
2	about	about	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	worries	worry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	_
5	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	vulnerability	vulnerability	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	10	nsubj	_	_
10	takes	take	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
11	courage	courage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **talk** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | about your worries | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about worry=Topic |
| 2 | **show** | present | Talking | vulnerability |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent vulnerability=Recipient |
| 3 | **take** | present | that | courage |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent courage=Theme |
| 4 | **worry** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom worry «cognition intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Islands have a vulnerability to rising seas.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vulnerability:x6:1
# text = Islands have a vulnerability to rising seas.
1	Islands	island	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	vulnerability	vulnerability	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	rising	rise	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	amod	_	_
7	seas	sea	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Islands | a vulnerability |  |  |  | to rising seas | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent vulnerability=Patient |
| 2 | **rise** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The team found the vulnerability in the other side's defence.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vulnerability:x7:1
# text = The team found the vulnerability in the other side's defence.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	vulnerability	vulnerability	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	's	's	PART	POS	_	9	case	_	_
11	defence	defence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | past | the team | the vulnerability |  | the other side's defence |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent vulnerability=Topic |
| 2 | **defend** |  | the other side |  |  |  |  |  | nom defence «process transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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