---
title: warm — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «warm» in the school dictionary: A little hot, pleasantly not cold. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# warm

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, It, We, They, Warm air, Dogs · **What happens:** keep, be, make, become, warm, wear · **To what, where:** you, hands, warm hat, warm welcome, us, cold air

<!-- .vabout -->
«warm» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [warm in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/warm.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A little hot, pleasantly not cold.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:warm:m1:1
# text = A little hot, pleasantly not cold.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	obl:unmarked	_	_
3	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	pleasantly	pleasantly	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"warm water".

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:warm:m1e:1
# text = "warm water".
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Keeping you from being cold.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:warm:m2:1
# text = Keeping you from being cold.
1	Keeping	keep	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	1	obj	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	cop	_	_
5	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | gerund |  | you |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | cold *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"a warm coat".

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:warm:m2e:1
# text = "a warm coat".
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	coat	coat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Friendly and kind.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:warm:m3:1
# text = Friendly and kind.
1	Friendly	friendly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	kind	kind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"a warm welcome".

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:warm:m3e:1
# text = "a warm welcome".
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	welcome	welcome	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
As a verb, to make or become warmer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:warm:m4:1
# text = As a verb, to make or become warmer.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	verb	verb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	make	make	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	become	become	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
9	warmer	warm	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | as a verb | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 2 | **become** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | warm *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"warm your hands".

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:warm:m4e:1
# text = "warm your hands".
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	warm	warm	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **warm** *in a quote* | imperative | you *not said here* | your hands |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent hand=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is warm and sunny today.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:warm:x1:1
# text = It is warm and sunny today.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	sunny	sunny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
6	today	today	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  | today | warm *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wear a warm hat in winter.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:warm:x2:1
# text = Wear a warm hat in winter.
1	Wear	wear	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	hat	hat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | imperative | you *not said here* | a warm hat |  |  |  | in winter | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent hat=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Warm your hands by the fire.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:warm:x3:1
# text = Warm your hands by the fire.
1	Warm	warm	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **warm** | imperative | you *not said here* | your hands |  |  |  | by the fire | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent hand=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We warm up before PE.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:warm:x4:1
# text = We warm up before PE.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	warm	warm	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	up	up	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	before	before	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	PE	PE	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **warm up** | present | We |  |  |  | before PE |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They gave us a warm welcome.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:warm:x5:1
# text = They gave us a warm welcome.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	iobj	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	welcome	welcome	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | They | a warm welcome | us |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent we=Recipient welcome=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Warm air rises above cold air.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:warm:x6:1
# text = Warm air rises above cold air.
1	Warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	rises	rise	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	above	above	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rise** | present | Warm air |  |  | cold air |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent above air=Location |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dogs are warm-blooded animals.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:warm:x7:1
# text = Dogs are warm-blooded animals.
1	Dogs	dog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	blooded	blooded	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Dogs | warm blooded animals |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The soup is warm, not too hot.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:warm:x8:1
# text = The soup is warm, not too hot.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	soup	soup	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
7	too	too	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the soup |  |  |  |  | warm *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **be** |  | the soup *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lie still, and keep yourself warm.”

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:warm:x9:1
# text = Lie still, and keep yourself warm.”
1	Lie	lie	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	still	still	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	keep	keep	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
6	yourself	yourself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	5	obj	_	_
7	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lie** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  | still |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **keep** | infinitive | you *not said here* | yourself |  |  |  | warm *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent yourself=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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