---
title: warring — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «warring» in the school dictionary: Fighting a war against each other. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# warring

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**Who acts:** two sides, two warring kingdoms, warring sides, warring neighbours, Ancient China, teacher · **What happens:** fight, argue, not agree, make, agree, stop · **To what, where:** war, peace, fence, time, Warring States, warring twins · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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«warring» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [warring in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/warring.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fighting a war against each other.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:warring:m1:1
# text = Fighting a war against each other.
1	Fighting	fight	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	against	against	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	each	each	DET	DT	ExtPos=PRON|PronType=Rcp	1	obl	_	_
6	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	fixed	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fight** | gerund |  | a war |  |  |  | against each | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent war=Co-Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Quarrelling or arguing strongly, like two sides who will not agree.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:warring:m2:1
# text = Quarrelling or arguing strongly, like two sides who will not agree.
1	Quarrelling	quarrelling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	arguing	argue	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	_
4	strongly	strongly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	like	like	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	sides	side	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
9	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
10	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
12	agree	agree	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **argue** *speech: disagree* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | like two sides; strongly *property* | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **not** **agree** *speech: agree* | future | two sides |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The two warring kingdoms finally made peace.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:warring:x1:1
# text = The two warring kingdoms finally made peace.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
3	warring	warring	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	kingdoms	kingdom	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
5	finally	finally	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	peace	peace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | the two warring kingdoms | peace |  |  |  | finally *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset peace=Product |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The warring sides agreed to stop fighting.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:warring:x2:1
# text = The warring sides agreed to stop fighting.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	warring	warring	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	sides	side	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	agreed	agree	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	fighting	fight	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **agree** *speech: agree* | past | the warring sides |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **stop** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the warring sides *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **fight** | gerund | the warring sides *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our warring neighbours shout over the fence.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:warring:x3:1
# text = Our warring neighbours shout over the fence.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	warring	warring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	neighbours	neighbour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	shout	shout	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	over	over	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	fence	fence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shout** *speech: express* | present | Our warring neighbours |  |  | the fence |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ancient China had a time called the Warring States.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:warring:x4:1
# text = Ancient China had a time called the Warring States.
1	Ancient	ancient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	China	China	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	Warring	Warring	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	States	State	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | Ancient China |  |  |  | time |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **call** | participle |  | a time *not said here* | the Warring States |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent state=Recipient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The teacher sat the warring twins at different tables.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:warring:x5:1
# text = The teacher sat the warring twins at different tables.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	warring	warring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	twins	twin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	tables	table	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | past | the teacher | the warring twins |  | different tables |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent twin=Theme at table=Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Peace talks brought the warring groups together.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:warring:x6:1
# text = Peace talks brought the warring groups together.
1	Peace	peace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	talks	talk	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	warring	warring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	groups	group	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
7	together	together	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bring** | past | Peace talks | the warring groups |  |  |  | together *property* | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent group=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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