---
title: warthog — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «warthog» in the school dictionary: A warthog is a wild pig of the African grasslands with a big flat head, long curved tusks, a thin mane and lumpy bumps on its face that look like warts. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# warthog

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** warthog, face, Warthogs, Pumbaa, tail, bumps · **What happens:** be, curve, look, kneel down, eat, face · **To what, where:** wild pig, short grass, warthog, face, fights, warthogs

<!-- .vabout -->
«warthog» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [warthog in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/warthog.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A warthog is a wild pig of the African grasslands with a big flat head, long curved tusks, a thin mane and lumpy bumps on its face that look like warts.

<!-- fold The tree, 31 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:warthog:m1:1
# text = A warthog is a wild pig of the African grasslands with a big flat head, long curved tusks, a thin mane and lumpy bumps on its face that look like warts.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	warthog	warthog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	wild	wild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	pig	pig	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	African	African	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	grasslands	grassland	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
13	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
14	flat	flat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	18	advmod	_	_
18	curved	curve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	amod	_	_
19	tusks	tusk	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	thin	thin	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	mane	mane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	parataxis	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
25	lumpy	lumpy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	bumps	bump	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	conj	_	_
27	on	on	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	29	nmod:poss	_	_
29	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	_
30	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	31	nsubj	_	_
31	look	look	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	acl:relcl	_	_
32	like	like	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	warts	wart	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a warthog | a wild pig |  |  |  | of the African grasslands with a big flat head and curved tusks | tree rules |
| 2 | **curve** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | long *property* | vn knead-26.5 «NP.material V PP.product»: agent=Material |
| 3 | **look** | present | warthog's face |  |  |  |  | like warts | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The warthog knelt down to eat the short grass.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:warthog:x1:1
# text = The warthog knelt down to eat the short grass.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	warthog	warthog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	knelt	kneel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	down	down	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **kneel down** | past | the warthog |  |  |  |  | down *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **eat** | to-infinitive | the warthog *not said here* | the short grass |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grass=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Warthogs back into their burrows so their tusks face outwards.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:warthog:x2:1
# text = Warthogs back into their burrows so their tusks face outwards.
1	Warthogs	warthog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
2	back	back	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
3	into	into	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	burrows	burrow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
6	so	so	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
7	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	tusks	tusk	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
9	face	face	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	outwards	outwards	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **face** | present | Warthogs into Warthogs's burrows |  |  |  |  | outwards *property* | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pumbaa from «The Lion King» is a warthog.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:warthog:x3:1
# text = Pumbaa from «The Lion King» is a warthog.
1	Pumbaa	Pumbaa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
2	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
3	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	Lion	Lion	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	King	King	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	1	punct	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	warthog	warthog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Pumbaa from the Lion King | a warthog |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A warthog ran with its tail sticking straight up like an aerial.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:warthog:x4:1
# text = A warthog ran with its tail sticking straight up like an aerial.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	warthog	warthog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	tail	tail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	sticking	stick	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	acl	_	_
8	straight	straight	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	up	up	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
10	like	like	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	aerial	aerial	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | past | a warthog |  |  |  |  | with warthog's tail | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent with tail=Material |
| 2 | **stick** | gerund | warthog's tail *not said here* |  |  |  |  | like a aerial | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bumps on a warthog's face protect it in fights.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:warthog:x5:1
# text = The bumps on a warthog's face protect it in fights.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bumps	bump	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	warthog	warthog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
8	protect	protect	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	fights	fight	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **protect** | present | the bumps on a warthog's face | face |  | fights |  |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Beneficiary |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lions sometimes hunt warthogs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:warthog:x6:1
# text = Lions sometimes hunt warthogs.
1	Lions	lion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	3	advmod	_	_
3	hunt	hunt	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	warthogs	warthog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hunt** | present | Lions | warthogs |  |  |  | sometimes *property* | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent warthog=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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