---
title: wasp — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «wasp» in the school dictionary: A wasp is a flying insect with a thin waist and yellow and black stripes; it can sting. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# wasp

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** wasp, Wasps, chewed wood, many, you, arm · **What happens:** fly, be, sting, live, make, chew · **To what, where:** flying insect, nests, chewed wood, colony, wasp, sandwich · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«wasp» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [wasp in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/wasp.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A wasp is a flying insect with a thin waist and yellow and black stripes; it can sting.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wasp:m1:1
# text = A wasp is a flying insect with a thin waist and yellow and black stripes; it can sting.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	wasp	wasp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	flying	fly	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	amod	_	_
6	insect	insect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	thin	thin	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	waist	waist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
12	yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	conj	_	_
15	stripes	stripe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
18	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	sting	sting	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fly** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | present | a wasp | a flying insect |  |  |  | with a thin waist and yellow stripes | tree rules |
| 3 | **sting** | can | wasp |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP-PRO-ARB»: agent=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wasps live in nests (often made from chewed wood that looks like paper) and many of them live together in a colony.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wasp:m2:1
# text = Wasps live in nests (often made from chewed wood that looks like paper) and many of them live together in a colony.
1	Wasps	wasp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	nests	nest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
5	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	often	often	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	chewed	chew	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	amod	_	_
10	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	looks	look	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
13	like	like	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	7	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
17	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	nsubj	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nmod	_	_
20	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
21	together	together	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
22	in	in	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	colony	colony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | present | Wasps |  |  | nests |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in nest=Location |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  | nests *not said here* |  | chewed wood |  | often *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset from wood=Material |
| 3 | **chew** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn chew-39.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **look** | present | chewed wood |  |  |  |  | like paper | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 5 | **live together** | present | many of Wasps |  |  | a colony |  | together *property* | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in colony=Location |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A wasp landed on my sandwich.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wasp:x1:1
# text = A wasp landed on my sandwich.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	wasp	wasp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	landed	land	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	sandwich	sandwich	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **land** | participle |  | a wasp *not said here* |  | my sandwich |  |  | vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme on sandwich=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Stay calm and walk away slowly from a wasp.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wasp:x2:1
# text = Stay calm and walk away slowly from a wasp.
1	Stay	stay	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	calm	calm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	xcomp	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	walk	walk	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
5	away	away	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	wasp	wasp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | calm *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **walk away** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  | a wasp |  | away, slowly *property* | vn resign-10.11-1 «NP V PP.source»: agent=Agent from wasp=Source |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't poke a wasps' nest.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wasp:x3:1
# text = Don't poke a wasps' nest.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	poke	poke	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	wasps	wasp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	'	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	nest	nest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **poke** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | a wasps's nest |  |  |  |  | vn poke-19-1-1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent nest=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wasps can sting more than once.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wasp:x4:1
# text = Wasps can sting more than once.
1	Wasps	wasp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	sting	sting	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp|ExtPos=ADV	3	obj	_	_
5	than	than	ADP	IN	_	4	fixed	_	_
6	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sting** | can | Wasps | more |  |  |  | once *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus more=Experiencer |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Check your drink can for wasps before you sip in summer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wasp:x5:1
# text = Check your drink can for wasps before you sip in summer.
1	Check	check	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	drink	drink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	1	ccomp	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	wasps	wasp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	_
7	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	sip	sip	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **check** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for wasps | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent for wasp=Attribute |
| 2 | **sip** | present | you |  |  |  | summer |  | vn chew-39.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My arm swelled after a wasp sting.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wasp:x6:1
# text = My arm swelled after a wasp sting.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	arm	arm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	swelled	swell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	after	after	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	wasp	wasp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	sting	sting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swell** | past | My arm |  |  |  | after a wasp sting |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wasps make nests out of chewed wood.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wasp:x7:1
# text = Wasps make nests out of chewed wood.
1	Wasps	wasp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	nests	nest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	out	out	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	chewed	chew	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	amod	_	_
7	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Wasps | nests |  | chewed wood |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset nest=Product |
| 2 | **chew** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn chew-39.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wasps help gardens by eating caterpillars and flies.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wasp:x8:1
# text = Wasps help gardens by eating caterpillars and flies.
1	Wasps	wasp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	help	help	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	gardens	garden	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
5	eating	eat	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
6	caterpillars	caterpillar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	flies	fly	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | Wasps | gardens |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent garden=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **eat** | gerund | Wasps *not said here* | caterpillars and flies |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent caterpillar=Patient |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Now Gopani-Kufa had a wasp called Zengi-mizi.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wasp:x9:1
# text = Now Gopani-Kufa had a wasp called Zengi-mizi.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	_
2	Gopani	Gopani	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	Kufa	Kufa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	_
5	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	wasp	wasp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	Zengi	Zengi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	mizi	mizi	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | Gopani | a wasp |  |  | now |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wasp=Patient |
| 2 | **call** | participle |  | a wasp *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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