---
title: waterfowl — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «waterfowl» in the school dictionary: Waterfowl are birds that swim and live on or near water, especially ducks, geese and swans. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# waterfowl

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**Who acts:** Waterfowl birds, Ducks, wetland reserve, Waterfowl, oily feathers, Many waterfowl · **What happens:** be, swim, live, have, keep, fly · **To what, where:** Waterfowl birds, near water, waterfowl, oily feathers, feathers, bread

<!-- .vabout -->
«waterfowl» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [waterfowl in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/waterfowl.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Waterfowl are birds that swim and live on or near water, especially ducks, geese and swans.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:waterfowl:m1:1
# text = Waterfowl are birds that swim and live on or near water, especially ducks, geese and swans.
1	Waterfowl	waterfowl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	swim	swim	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	near	near	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	ducks	duck	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	geese	goose	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	swans	swan	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | Waterfowl birds and ducks and geese and swans |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **swim** | present | Waterfowl birds and ducks and geese and swans |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **live** | present | Waterfowl birds and ducks and geese and swans *not said here* |  |  | near water |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on water=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ducks, geese and swans are waterfowl.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:waterfowl:x1:1
# text = Ducks, geese and swans are waterfowl.
1	Ducks	duck	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	geese	goose	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	swans	swan	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	waterfowl	waterfowl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Ducks and geese and swans | waterfowl |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The wetland reserve is home to thousands of waterfowl.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:waterfowl:x2:1
# text = The wetland reserve is home to thousands of waterfowl.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	wetland	wetland	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	reserve	reserve	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	home	home	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	thousands	thousand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	waterfowl	waterfowl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the wetland reserve |  |  |  |  | to thousands; of waterfowl; home *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Waterfowl have oily feathers that keep them dry.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:waterfowl:x3:1
# text = Waterfowl have oily feathers that keep them dry.
1	Waterfowl	waterfowl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	oily	oily	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	feathers	feather	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	keep	keep	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	dry	dry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Waterfowl | oily feathers |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent feather=Patient |
| 2 | **keep** | present | oily feathers | feathers *= feather* |  |  |  | dry *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Many waterfowl fly south for the winter.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:waterfowl:x4:1
# text = Many waterfowl fly south for the winter.
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	waterfowl	waterfowl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	fly	fly	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	south	south	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fly** | present | Many waterfowl |  |  |  | winter | south *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Please don't feed bread to the waterfowl in the park — oats or seeds are better.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:waterfowl:x5:1
# text = Please don't feed bread to the waterfowl in the park — oats or seeds are better.
1	Please	please	INTJ	UH	_	4	discourse	_	_
2	do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	feed	feed	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	waterfowl	waterfowl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	park	park	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
12	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
13	oats	oat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	seeds	seed	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	_
16	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
17	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **feed** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | bread |  |  |  |  | vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent bread=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | oats or seeds |  |  |  |  | to the waterfowl in the park; good *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We counted the waterfowl on the lake for our science project.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:waterfowl:x6:1
# text = We counted the waterfowl on the lake for our science project.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	counted	count	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	waterfowl	waterfowl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	lake	lake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
10	science	science	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	project	project	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **count** | past | We | the waterfowl |  | the lake for our science project |  |  | vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent waterfowl=Theme |
| 2 | **project** |  | our |  |  |  |  |  | nom project «act transitive»: poss=agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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