---
title: waterloo — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «waterloo» in the school dictionary: Waterloo is a town in Belgium where Napoleon was finally defeated in 1815 by British, Dutch, Belgian and Prussian armies. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# waterloo

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Waterloo, British armies, Napoleon, We, champion, Duke · **What happens:** be, defeat, meet, mean, suffer, run · **To what, where:** town, Belgium, Napoleon, 1815, big railway station, Waterloo · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«waterloo» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [waterloo in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/waterloo.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: a name — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Waterloo is a town in Belgium where Napoleon was finally defeated in 1815 by British, Dutch, Belgian and Prussian armies.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:waterloo:m1:1
# text = Waterloo is a town in Belgium where Napoleon was finally defeated in 1815 by British, Dutch, Belgian and Prussian armies.
1	Waterloo	waterloo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Belgium	Belgium	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	11	advmod	_	_
8	Napoleon	Napoleon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
10	finally	finally	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	defeated	defeat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	1815	1815	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	11	obl	_	_
14	by	by	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
15	British	British	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	Dutch	dutch	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	Belgian	Belgian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	conj	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	Prussian	prussian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	conj	_	_
22	armies	army	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Waterloo | a town |  | Belgium |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **defeat** | past · passive | British armies | Napoleon |  | 1815 |  | finally *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Waterloo is a big railway station and area in London.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:waterloo:m2:1
# text = Waterloo is a big railway station and area in London.
1	Waterloo	waterloo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	railway	railway	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	station	station	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	area	area	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	London	London	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Waterloo | a big railway station and area in London |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To meet your Waterloo means to suffer a final defeat after a long run of success.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:waterloo:m3:1
# text = To meet your Waterloo means to suffer a final defeat after a long run of success.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	meet	meet	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	Waterloo	waterloo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	suffer	suffer	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	final	final	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	defeat	defeat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
11	after	after	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	run	run	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	success	success	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **meet** | to-infinitive |  | your Waterloo |  |  |  |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent waterloo=Co-Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **suffer** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | a final defeat |  |  | after a long run of success |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer defeat=Stimulus |
| 4 | **run** |  |  | success |  |  |  |  | nom run «act transitive»: of=patient |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Waterloo" is also a famous 1974 song by the Swedish band ABBA.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:waterloo:m4:1
# text = "Waterloo" is also a famous 1974 song by the Swedish band ABBA.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Waterloo	waterloo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
5	also	also	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	famous	famous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	1974	1974	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	song	song	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	Swedish	Swedish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	band	band	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
14	ABBA	ABBA	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Waterloo | a famous 1974 song |  |  |  | by the Swedish band | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Napoleon lost the Battle of Waterloo in 1815.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:waterloo:x1:1
# text = Napoleon lost the Battle of Waterloo in 1815.
1	Napoleon	Napoleon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	lost	lose	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	Battle	Battle	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Waterloo	Waterloo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	1815	1815	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lose** | past | Napoleon | the Battle of Waterloo |  | 1815 |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent battle=Eventuality |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We took the train to London Waterloo.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:waterloo:x2:1
# text = We took the train to London Waterloo.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	train	train	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	London	London	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	Waterloo	Waterloo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | We | the train | London |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent train=Theme to london=Destination |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The champion finally met his Waterloo in the final.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:waterloo:x3:1
# text = The champion finally met his Waterloo in the final.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	champion	champion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	finally	finally	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	met	meet	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	Waterloo	Waterloo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	final	final	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **meet** | past | the champion | champion's Waterloo |  | the final |  | finally *property* | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent waterloo=Co-Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Duke of Wellington led the British army at Waterloo.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:waterloo:x4:1
# text = The Duke of Wellington led the British army at Waterloo.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Duke	Duke	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Wellington	Wellington	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	led	lead	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	British	British	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	army	army	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Waterloo	Waterloo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lead** | past | the Duke of Wellington | the British army |  | Waterloo |  |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent army=Theme at waterloo=Destination |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
ABBA won Eurovision with "Waterloo".

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:waterloo:x5:1
# text = ABBA won Eurovision with "Waterloo".
1	ABBA	ABBA	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	won	win	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Eurovision	Eurovision	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	Waterloo	waterloo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **win** | past | ABBA | Eurovision |  |  |  | with Waterloo | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eurovision=Eventuality |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Waterloo is also a city in Ontario, Canada.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:waterloo:x6:1
# text = Waterloo is also a city in Ontario, Canada.
1	Waterloo	waterloo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Ontario	Ontario	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	Canada	Canada	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Waterloo | a city |  | Ontario and Canada |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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