---
title: wave — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «wave» in the school dictionary: A moving ridge of water on the sea or a lake. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# wave

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** way energy, something, waves, you, She, Sound · **What happens:** move, say, get, travel, rise, wave · **To what, where:** attention, hand, sound waves, science, sadness, beach · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«wave» in the school dictionary: its 6 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [wave in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/wave.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A moving ridge of water on the sea or a lake.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wave:m1:1
# text = A moving ridge of water on the sea or a lake.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	moving	move	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	amod	_	_
3	ridge	ridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	lake	lake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **move** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A movement of your hand to say hello, goodbye or to get attention.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wave:m2:1
# text = A movement of your hand to say hello, goodbye or to get attention.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	movement	movement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	acl	_	_
8	hello	hello	INTJ	UH	_	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	goodbye	goodbye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
14	attention	attention	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent hello=Topic |
| 2 | **get** | to-infinitive |  | attention |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer attention=Stimulus |
| 3 | **move** |  |  | your hand |  |  |  |  | nom movement «act transitive»: of=patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
As a verb, to move your hand or something in your hand from side to side.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wave:m3:1
# text = As a verb, to move your hand or something in your hand from side to side.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	verb	verb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	move	move	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	8	conj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
14	from	from	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **move** | to-infinitive |  | your hand |  | your hand |  | as a verb; from side to side | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.agent V NP.theme PP.source PP.trajectory PP.destination»: agent=Agent hand=Theme in hand=Source from side=Trajectory |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In science, a way energy travels: sound waves, light waves.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wave:m4:1
# text = In science, a way energy travels: sound waves, light waves.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	science	science	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	travels	travel	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
9	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **travel** | present | a way energy | sound waves and light waves |  | science |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in science=Trajectory |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sudden rise of something.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wave:m5:1
# text = A sudden rise of something.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	sudden	sudden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	rise	rise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rise** |  | something |  |  |  |  |  | nom rise «event intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"a heat wave", "a wave of sadness".

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wave:m5e:1
# text = "a heat wave", "a wave of sadness".
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	wave	wave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	wave	wave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	sadness	sadness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wave** *in a quote* |  |  | sadness |  |  |  |  | nom wave «event transitive»: of=patient |

## Meaning 6 {#m6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A curl in hair.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wave:m6:1
# text = A curl in hair.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	curl	curl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The waves crashed on the beach.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wave:x1:1
# text = The waves crashed on the beach.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	crashed	crash	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	beach	beach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crash** | past | the waves |  |  | the beach |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on beach=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wave goodbye to Grandma.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wave:x2:1
# text = Wave goodbye to Grandma.
1	Wave	wave	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	goodbye	goodbye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Grandma	Grandma	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wave** | imperative | you *not said here* | goodbye | Grandma |  |  |  | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent goodbye=Theme to grandma=Recipient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She waved to me from the bus.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wave:x3:1
# text = She waved to me from the bus.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	waved	wave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	obl	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	bus	bus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wave** | past | She |  | me | the bus |  |  | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to i=Recipient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sound travels in waves.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wave:x4:1
# text = Sound travels in waves.
1	Sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	travels	travel	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **travel** | present | Sound |  |  | waves |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in wave=Trajectory |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was a hot summer with a heat wave.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wave:x5:1
# text = It was a hot summer with a heat wave.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	wave	wave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | It | a hot summer |  |  |  | with a heat wave | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wave your arm if you need help in the sea.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wave:x6:1
# text = Wave your arm if you need help in the sea.
1	Wave	wave	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	arm	arm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	need	need	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
7	help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wave** | imperative | you *not said here* | your arm |  |  |  |  | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arm=Patient |
| 2 | **need** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | you | help |  | the sea |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot help=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A huge wave knocked me over.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wave:x7:1
# text = A huge wave knocked me over.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	huge	huge	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	wave	wave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	knocked	knock	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	over	over	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **knock over** | past | a huge wave | me |  |  |  |  | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent i=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The crowd did a Mexican wave.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wave:x8:1
# text = The crowd did a Mexican wave.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	crowd	crowd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	Mexican	Mexican	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	wave	wave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | past | the crowd | a Mexican wave |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wave=Eventuality |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Now a wave came rolling onward.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wave:x9:1
# text = Now a wave came rolling onward.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	wave	wave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	rolling	roll	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
6	onward	onward	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | a wave |  |  |  | now |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **roll** | gerund | a wave *not said here* |  |  |  |  | onward *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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