---
title: weapon — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «weapon» in the school dictionary: A weapon is something used to hurt or attack, or to defend in a fight, such as a sword, gun, knife or bomb. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# weapon

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** weapon, smile, her, Knights, Romans, quills · **What happens:** be, use, hurt, attack, defend, win · **To what, where:** something, fight, Anything, secret weapon, swords, spears · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«weapon» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [weapon in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/weapon.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A weapon is something used to hurt or attack, or to defend in a fight, such as a sword, gun, knife or bomb.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:weapon:m1:1
# text = A weapon is something used to hurt or attack, or to defend in a fight, such as a sword, gun, knife or bomb.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	weapon	weapon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	0	root	_	_
5	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	hurt	hurt	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	attack	attack	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	defend	defend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	fight	fight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
18	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	21	case	_	_
19	as	as	ADP	IN	_	18	fixed	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	sword	sword	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	gun	gun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
25	knife	knife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	_
26	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	bomb	bomb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a weapon | something |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **hurt** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **attack** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **defend** | to-infinitive | a weapon *not said here* |  |  | a fight and a sword and gun and knife or bomb |  |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Anything used to win against something can be called a weapon: her smile was her secret weapon.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:weapon:m2:1
# text = Anything used to win against something can be called a weapon: her smile was her secret weapon.
1	Anything	anything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	win	win	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
5	against	against	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	obl	_	_
7	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	weapon	weapon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
13	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	smile	smile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
15	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
16	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
17	secret	secret	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	weapon	weapon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **win** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | against something | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **call** | can · passive |  | Anything |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
| 4 | **is a** | past | her smile | her secret weapon |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **smile** |  | her *= she* |  |  |  |  |  | nom smile «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Knights carried swords and shields as weapons.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:weapon:x1:1
# text = Knights carried swords and shields as weapons.
1	Knights	knight	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	carried	carry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	swords	sword	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	shields	shield	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
6	as	as	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	weapons	weapon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carry** | past | Knights | swords and shields |  |  |  | as weapons | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sword=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Romans used spears and short swords.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:weapon:x2:1
# text = The Romans used spears and short swords.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Romans	Roman	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	spears	spear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	swords	sword	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past | the Romans | spears and short swords |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spear=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A porcupine's quills are its weapon.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:weapon:x3:1
# text = A porcupine's quills are its weapon.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	porcupine	porcupine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	quills	quill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	weapon	weapon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a porcupine's quills | porcupine's weapon |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Weapons are not allowed in school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:weapon:x4:1
# text = Weapons are not allowed in school.
1	Weapons	weapon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	allowed	allow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **allow** | present · passive |  | Weapons |  | school |  |  | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Beneficiary |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If you find a gun, don't touch it — tell an adult.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:weapon:x5:1
# text = If you find a gun, don't touch it — tell an adult.
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	find	find	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	gun	gun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
7	do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	touch	touch	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
12	tell	tell	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
13	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	adult	adult	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | you | a gun |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gun=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **touch** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | gun |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Co-Theme |
| 3 | **tell** *speech: assert* | infinitive | you *not said here* |  | a adult |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent adult=Recipient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our goalkeeper is the team's secret weapon.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:weapon:x6:1
# text = Our goalkeeper is the team's secret weapon.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	goalkeeper	goalkeeper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	secret	secret	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	weapon	weapon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Our goalkeeper | the team's secret weapon |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Stone Age people made weapons from flint.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:weapon:x7:1
# text = Stone Age people made weapons from flint.
1	Stone	Stone	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	Age	Age	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	weapons	weapon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	flint	flint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | Age people | weapons |  | flint |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.product PP.material»: agent=Agent weapon=Product from flint=Material |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The centipede was invulnerable to weapons!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:weapon:x8:1
# text = The centipede was invulnerable to weapons!
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	centipede	centipede	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	invulnerable	invulnerable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	weapons	weapon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the centipede |  |  |  |  | to weapons; invulnerable *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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