---
title: weather — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «weather» in the school dictionary: What the air outside is like at a time and place: sunny, rainy, windy, cold, hot, snowy. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# weather

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** air, Verb, weather friends, people, things, weather · **What happens:** be, change, wear away, weather, get, stay · **To what, where:** weathered rocks, people, bit, weather, mountains, Rocks · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«weather» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [weather in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/weather.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
What the air outside is like at a time and place: sunny, rainy, windy, cold, hot, snowy.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:weather:m1:1
# text = What the air outside is like at a time and place: sunny, rainy, windy, cold, hot, snowy.
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
4	outside	outside	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
6	like	like	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl:unmarked	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
13	sunny	sunny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	rainy	rainy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	windy	windy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	snowy	snowy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the air |  |  |  | like a time and place |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Verb: to be changed or worn away by wind, rain and sun: weathered rocks.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:weather:m2:1
# text = Verb: to be changed or worn away by wind, rain and sun: weathered rocks.
1	Verb	verb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	1	punct	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	changed	change	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	worn	wear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
8	away	away	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
16	weathered	weather	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	amod	_	_
17	rocks	rock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | to-infinitive · passive |  | weathered rocks |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V» |
| 2 | **wear away** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | by wind and rain and sun; away *property* | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **weather** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Verb: to get through a hard time safely: «weather the storm».

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:weather:m3:1
# text = Verb: to get through a hard time safely: «weather the storm».
1	Verb	verb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	through	through	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	safely	safely	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	parataxis	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | to-infinitive | Verb |  |  |  | time | safely *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fair-weather friends are people who stay friendly only when things are going well.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:weather:m4:1
# text = Fair-weather friends are people who stay friendly only when things are going well.
1	Fair	fair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
7	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	stay	stay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	friendly	friendly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	xcomp	_	_
10	only	only	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
11	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	14	advmod	_	_
12	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
13	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	going	go	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	advcl	_	_
15	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	14	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | weather friends | people |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **stay** | present | people |  |  |  |  | friendly *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **go** | present · progressive | things |  |  |  |  | well *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
What's the weather like today?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:weather:x1:1
# text = What's the weather like today?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	_
5	like	like	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	today	today	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the weather like today |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The weather forecast says rain tomorrow.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:weather:x2:1
# text = The weather forecast says rain tomorrow.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	forecast	forecast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	tomorrow	tomorrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the weather forecast |  |  |  | tomorrow |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We stayed inside because of the bad weather.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:weather:x3:1
# text = We stayed inside because of the bad weather.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	stayed	stay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	inside	inside	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	8	case	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	fixed	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay** | past | We |  |  |  |  | because the bad weather; inside *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In hot weather drink lots of water.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:weather:x4:1
# text = In hot weather drink lots of water.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
2	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
3	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	drink	drink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	lots	lot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I'm feeling a bit under the weather.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:weather:x5:1
# text = I'm feeling a bit under the weather.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	'm	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	feeling	feel	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	bit	bit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	_
6	under	under	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | present · progressive | I | a bit |  | the weather |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent under weather=Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Weather can change quickly in the mountains.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:weather:x6:1
# text = Weather can change quickly in the mountains.
1	Weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	change	change	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	mountains	mountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | can | Weather |  |  | the mountains |  | quickly *property* | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rocks are weathered by wind and rain.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:weather:x7:1
# text = Rocks are weathered by wind and rain.
1	Rocks	rock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	weathered	weather	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **weather** | present · passive | wind and rain | Rocks |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Weather is today; climate is the usual pattern over many years.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:weather:x8:1
# text = Weather is today; climate is the usual pattern over many years.
1	Weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	today	today	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
5	climate	climate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	usual	usual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	pattern	pattern	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	over	over	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | today |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | Weather climate | the usual pattern |  |  | year |  | tree rules |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fair weather friends are not worth much.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:weather:x9:1
# text = Fair weather friends are not worth much.
1	Fair	fair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	worth	worth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
7	much	much	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | present | Fair weather friends |  |  |  |  | worth *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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