---
title: whine — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «whine» in the school dictionary: To complain in an annoying, high, unhappy voice, often about small things. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# whine

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, dog, brother, it, We, drill · **What happens:** complain, make, stop, whine, eat, go out · **To what, where:** annoying high unhappy voice, long high sad sound, long high steady noise, carrots, turn, whine

<!-- .vabout -->
«whine» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [whine in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/whine.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To complain in an annoying, high, unhappy voice, often about small things.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:whine:m1:1
# text = To complain in an annoying, high, unhappy voice, often about small things.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	complain	complain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
5	annoying	annoying	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
9	unhappy	unhappy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	often	often	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
13	about	about	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **complain** *speech: other* | to-infinitive |  |  |  | a annoying high unhappy voice |  | about small things | vn complain-37.8 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about thing=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Of a dog or another animal: to make a long, high, sad sound.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:whine:m2:1
# text = Of a dog or another animal: to make a long, high, sad sound.
1	Of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	6	det	_	_
6	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	make	make	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
11	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
13	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
15	sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | a long high sad sound |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sound=Product |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Of a machine: to make a long, high, steady noise, like a drill or a jet engine.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:whine:m3:1
# text = Of a machine: to make a long, high, steady noise, like a drill or a jet engine.
1	Of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	machine	machine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	make	make	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
8	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
10	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
12	steady	steady	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	noise	noise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	like	like	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	drill	drill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	parataxis	_	_
18	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	jet	jet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
21	engine	engine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | a long high steady noise |  |  |  | of a machine | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset noise=Product |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sound itself, or a complaint.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:whine:m4:1
# text = The sound itself, or a complaint.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	itself	itself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Emp|Reflex=Yes	2	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	complaint	complaint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Stop whining and eat your carrots.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:whine:x1:1
# text = Stop whining and eat your carrots.
1	Stop	stop	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	whining	whine	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	xcomp	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	eat	eat	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
5	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	carrots	carrot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **whine** | gerund | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **eat** | infinitive | you *not said here* | your carrots |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent carrot=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dog whined at the door to go out.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:whine:x2:1
# text = The dog whined at the door to go out.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	whined	whine	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
9	out	out	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **whine** | past | the dog |  |  |  |  | at the door | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Agent at door=Stimulus |
| 2 | **go out** | to-infinitive | the dog *not said here* |  |  |  |  | out *property* | vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My brother whines whenever it's his turn to wash up.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:whine:x3:1
# text = My brother whines whenever it's his turn to wash up.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	whines	whine	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	whenever	whenever	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	8	advmod	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	turn	turn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	wash	wash	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	acl	_	_
11	up	up	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **whine** | present | My brother |  |  |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present | it | brother's turn |  |  |  | whenever *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **wash up** | to-infinitive | My brother *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We heard the whine of the dentist's drill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:whine:x4:1
# text = We heard the whine of the dentist's drill.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	whine	whine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	dentist	dentist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	drill	drill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | past | We | the whine of the dentist's drill |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer whine=Stimulus |
| 2 | **whine** |  | the dentist's drill |  |  |  |  |  | nom whine «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The jet engine gave a high whine.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:whine:x5:1
# text = The jet engine gave a high whine.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	jet	jet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	engine	engine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	whine	whine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | the jet engine | a high whine |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent whine=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"It's not fair," she whined.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:whine:x6:1
# text = "It's not fair," she whined.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	fair	fair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	_
8	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	whined	whine	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** *in a quote* | present | It |  |  |  |  | fair *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **whine** | past | she |  |  |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The puppy gave a little whine when we left.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:whine:x7:1
# text = The puppy gave a little whine when we left.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	puppy	puppy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	whine	whine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
8	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | the puppy | a little whine |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent whine=Theme |
| 2 | **leave** | past | we |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The whine had changed to a sort of humming purr that seemed to come from every quarter of the compass.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:whine:x8:1
# text = The whine had changed to a sort of humming purr that seemed to come from every quarter of the compass.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	whine	whine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	changed	change	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	sort	sort	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	humming	humming	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	purr	purr	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	seemed	seem	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	xcomp	_	_
15	from	from	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	17	det	_	_
17	quarter	quarter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	compass	compass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | past · perfect | the whine |  |  |  |  | to a sort of humming purr *result* | vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Agent to sort=Result |
| 2 | **seem** | past | humming purr |  |  |  |  |  | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute |
| 3 | **come** | to-infinitive | humming purr *not said here* |  |  | every quarter of the compass |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from quarter=Initial\_Location |
| 4 | **sort** |  |  | humming purr |  |  |  |  | nom sort «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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