---
title: wince — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «wince» in the school dictionary: To wince is to make a quick face or small movement when you feel pain or see or hear something unpleasant. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# wince

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, wince, He, nurse, I, She · **What happens:** wince, be, feel, see, hear, give · **To what, where:** pain, something, quick look, injection, him, plaster

<!-- .vabout -->
«wince» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [wince in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/wince.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To wince is to make a quick face or small movement when you feel pain or see or hear something unpleasant.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wince:m1:1
# text = To wince is to make a quick face or small movement when you feel pain or see or hear something unpleasant.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	wince	wince	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	quick	quick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	movement	movement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
12	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	14	advmod	_	_
13	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	feel	feel	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	_
15	pain	pain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	conj	_	_
18	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	hear	hear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	conj	_	_
20	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	19	obj	_	_
21	unpleasant	unpleasant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wince** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn flinch-40.5 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | make *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **feel** | present | you | pain |  |  |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pain=Theme |
| 4 | **see** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 5 | **hear** | infinitive | you *not said here* | something |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer something=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A wince is that quick look of pain.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wince:m2:1
# text = A wince is that quick look of pain.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	wince	wince	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	det	_	_
5	quick	quick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	look	look	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	pain	pain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a wince | that quick look |  |  |  | of pain | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He winced when the nurse gave him the injection.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wince:x1:1
# text = He winced when the nurse gave him the injection.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	winced	wince	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	nurse	nurse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
7	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	iobj	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	injection	injection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wince** | past | He |  |  |  |  |  | vn flinch-40.5 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **give** | past | the nurse | the injection | him *= he* |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient injection=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I winced as I pulled off the plaster.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wince:x2:1
# text = I winced as I pulled off the plaster.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	winced	wince	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
4	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	pulled	pull	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
6	off	off	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	plaster	plaster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wince** | past | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn flinch-40.5 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **pull off** | past | I | the plaster |  |  |  |  | vn complete-55.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plaster=Eventuality |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She winced at the loud screech of the chalk.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wince:x3:1
# text = She winced at the loud screech of the chalk.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	winced	wince	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	loud	loud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	screech	screech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	chalk	chalk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wince** | past | She |  |  |  |  | at the loud screech of the chalk | vn flinch-40.5 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer at screech=Stimulus |
| 2 | **screech** |  | the chalk |  |  |  |  |  | nom screech «event intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cold water made me wince.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wince:x4:1
# text = The cold water made me wince.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	wince	wince	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | the cold water | me |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **wince** | infinitive | me *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn flinch-40.5 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad winced when he saw the price.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wince:x5:1
# text = Dad winced when he saw the price.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	winced	wince	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	price	price	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wince** | past | Dad |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **see** | past | Dad | the price |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer price=Stimulus |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She smiled through a wince when she stood up on her sore ankle.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wince:x6:1
# text = She smiled through a wince when she stood up on her sore ankle.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	smiled	smile	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	through	through	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	wince	wince	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
7	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
9	up	up	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
12	sore	sore	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	ankle	ankle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **smile** | past | She |  |  | a wince |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **stand up** | past | she |  |  | her sore ankle |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on ankle=Location |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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