---
title: windfall — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «windfall» in the school dictionary: An amount of money you get unexpectedly, such as a prize, a gift or money you find. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# windfall

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, wind, windfall, lucky thing, Finding, school · **What happens:** get, find, amount, blow off, be, happen · **To what, where:** money, fruit, lucky thing, £ 10 note, old coat, nice windfall · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«windfall» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [windfall in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/windfall.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An amount of money you get unexpectedly, such as a prize, a gift or money you find.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:windfall:m1:1
# text = An amount of money you get unexpectedly, such as a prize, a gift or money you find.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	amount	amount	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	get	get	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	unexpectedly	unexpectedly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	12	case	_	_
10	as	as	ADP	IN	_	9	fixed	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	prize	prize	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	gift	gift	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	appos	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
18	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	find	find	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | present | you | money *not said here* |  |  |  | unexpectedly *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer money=Stimulus |
| 2 | **find** | present | you | money *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Topic |
| 3 | **amount** |  |  | money |  |  |  | such a prize | nom amount «possession transitive»: of=patient such=obl |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A fruit, especially an apple, that has been blown off a tree by the wind.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:windfall:m2:1
# text = A fruit, especially an apple, that has been blown off a tree by the wind.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	fruit	fruit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	apple	apple	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
10	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	blown	blow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
12	off	off	ADP	RP	_	11	compound:prt	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
15	by	by	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **blow off** | present · perfect · passive | the wind | a fruit and a apple |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP PP»: agent=Agent subject=Beneficiary tree=Product |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A windfall can also be any lucky thing that happens unexpectedly, not only money.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:windfall:m3:1
# text = A windfall can also be any lucky thing that happens unexpectedly, not only money.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	windfall	windfall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	cop	_	_
6	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	8	det	_	_
7	lucky	lucky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	happens	happen	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	unexpectedly	unexpectedly	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	15	advmod	_	_
14	only	only	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | can | a windfall | any lucky thing |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **happen** | present | any lucky thing |  |  |  |  | unexpectedly *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Finding a £10 note in my old coat was a nice windfall.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:windfall:x1:1
# text = Finding a £10 note in my old coat was a nice windfall.
1	Finding	find	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	13	csubj	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
3	£	£	SYM	$	_	5	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	note	note	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	coat	coat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	nice	nice	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	windfall	windfall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | gerund |  | a £ 10 note |  | my old coat |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent note=Topic |
| 2 | **is a** | past | Finding | a nice windfall |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The school got a windfall when a parent gave £1,000.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:windfall:x2:1
# text = The school got a windfall when a parent gave £1,000.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	windfall	windfall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	parent	parent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
10	£	£	SYM	$	_	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	1,000	1000	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | past | the school | a windfall |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer windfall=Stimulus |
| 2 | **give** | past | a parent |  |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent £=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We collected windfalls under the apple tree to make a crumble.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:windfall:x3:1
# text = We collected windfalls under the apple tree to make a crumble.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	collected	collect	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	windfalls	windfall	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	under	under	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	apple	apple	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	crumble	crumble	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **collect** | past | We | windfalls |  | the apple tree |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent windfall=Theme |
| 2 | **make** | to-infinitive | We *not said here* | a crumble |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset crumble=Product |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nan said I should save half of my birthday windfall.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:windfall:x4:1
# text = Nan said I should save half of my birthday windfall.
1	Nan	Nan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	save	save	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	_
6	half	half	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac	5	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
9	birthday	birthday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	windfall	windfall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Nan |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **save** | should | I | half of my birthday windfall |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent half=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some windfalls were bruised, so we fed them to the horse.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:windfall:x5:1
# text = Some windfalls were bruised, so we fed them to the horse.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	windfalls	windfall	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	bruised	bruise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	so	so	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
7	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	fed	feed	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
9	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bruise** | past · passive |  | some windfalls |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **feed** | past | we | windfalls *= windfall* | the horse |  |  |  | vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Theme to horse=Recipient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The village used the windfall to fix the playground.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:windfall:x6:1
# text = The village used the windfall to fix the playground.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	village	village	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	windfall	windfall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	fix	fix	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	playground	playground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past | the village | the windfall |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent windfall=Patient |
| 2 | **fix** | to-infinitive | the village *not said here* | the playground |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent playground=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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