---
title: windowsill — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «windowsill» in the school dictionary: A windowsill is the flat shelf at the bottom of a window, inside or outside. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# windowsill

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** windowsill, cat, We, Mum, you, window · **What happens:** be, like, sleep, grow, bean, leave · **To what, where:** flat shelf, bottom, windowsill, plants, classroom windowsill, pie

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«windowsill» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [windowsill in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/windowsill.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A windowsill is the flat shelf at the bottom of a window, inside or outside.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:windowsill:m1:1
# text = A windowsill is the flat shelf at the bottom of a window, inside or outside.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	windowsill	windowsill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	flat	flat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	shelf	shelf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	bottom	bottom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	window	window	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	inside	inside	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	outside	outside	ADV	RB	_	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a windowsill | the flat shelf |  | the bottom of a window |  | inside *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cat likes to sleep on the windowsill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:windowsill:x1:1
# text = The cat likes to sleep on the windowsill.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	likes	like	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	sleep	sleep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	windowsill	windowsill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **like** | present | the cat |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **sleep** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the cat *not said here* |  |  | the windowsill |  |  | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We grew bean plants on the classroom windowsill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:windowsill:x2:1
# text = We grew bean plants on the classroom windowsill.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	1	dep	_	_
3	bean	bean	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	classroom	classroom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	windowsill	windowsill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **bean** | present | We | plants |  | the classroom windowsill |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum left the pie on the windowsill to cool.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:windowsill:x3:1
# text = Mum left the pie on the windowsill to cool.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	pie	pie	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	windowsill	windowsill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	cool	cool	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | past | Mum | the pie |  | the windowsill |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent pie=Theme on windowsill=Location |
| 2 | **cool** | to-infinitive | Mum *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A bird landed on the windowsill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:windowsill:x4:1
# text = A bird landed on the windowsill.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	landed	land	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	windowsill	windowsill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **land** | participle |  | a bird *not said here* |  | the windowsill |  |  | vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme on windowsill=Destination |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't sit on the windowsill when the window is open.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:windowsill:x5:1
# text = Don't sit on the windowsill when the window is open.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	sit	sit	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	windowsill	windowsill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	11	advmod	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	window	window	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
11	open	open	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **sit** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* |  |  | the windowsill |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on windowsill=Location |
| 2 | **is** | present | the window |  |  |  |  | open *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There is dust on the windowsill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:windowsill:x6:1
# text = There is dust on the windowsill.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	dust	dust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	windowsill	windowsill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | dust |  |  | the windowsill; there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on windowsill=Location |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Snow piled up on the outside windowsill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:windowsill:x7:1
# text = Snow piled up on the outside windowsill.
1	Snow	snow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	_
2	piled	pile	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
3	up	up	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	outside	outside	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	windowsill	windowsill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pile up** | participle |  | Snow |  | the outside windowsill |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme on windowsill=Destination |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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