---
title: windward — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «windward» in the school dictionary: Windward means on the side facing the wind, the side the wind blows onto. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# windward

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Windward, side, wind, windward side, leeward side, sailors · **What happens:** mean, face, blow, be, steer, windward · **To what, where:** side, wind, rain shadow, windward shore, Caribbean

<!-- .vabout -->
«windward» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [windward in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/windward.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Windward means on the side facing the wind, the side the wind blows onto.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:windward:m1:1
# text = Windward means on the side facing the wind, the side the wind blows onto.
1	Windward	windward	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	facing	face	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	blows	blow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
15	onto	onto	ADP	IN	_	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Windward |  |  | the side |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **face** | gerund | the side *not said here* | the wind and the side |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme wind=Destination |
| 3 | **blow** | present | the wind | the side *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent side=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The windward side of the mountain is green and wet.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:windward:x1:1
# text = The windward side of the mountain is green and wet.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	windward	windward	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	mountain	mountain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	wet	wet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the windward side of the mountain |  |  |  |  | green *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | the windward side of the mountain *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The leeward side is in a rain shadow and is drier.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:windward:x2:1
# text = The leeward side is in a rain shadow and is drier.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	leeward	leeward	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	shadow	shadow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
11	drier	dry	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the leeward side |  |  | a rain shadow |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | the leeward side *not said here* |  |  |  |  | dry *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sailors steered to windward.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:windward:x3:1
# text = The sailors steered to windward.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sailors	sailor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	steered	steer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	windward	windward	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **steer** | past | the sailors |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **windward** | infinitive | the sailors *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Waves are bigger on the windward shore.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:windward:x4:1
# text = Waves are bigger on the windward shore.
1	Waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	bigger	big	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	windward	windward	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	shore	shore	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Waves |  |  | the windward shore |  | big *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Windward Islands are in the Caribbean.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:windward:x5:1
# text = The Windward Islands are in the Caribbean.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Windward	Windward	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	Islands	Island	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Caribbean	Caribbean	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the Windward Islands |  |  | the Caribbean |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Trees on the windward side grow bent.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:windward:x6:1
# text = Trees on the windward side grow bent.
1	Trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
2	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	windward	windward	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
6	grow	grow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	bent	bend	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | present | Trees on the windward side |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **bend** | participle | Trees on the windward side *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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