---
title: wine — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «wine» in the school dictionary: Wine is an alcoholic drink made from fermented grapes or sometimes other fruits. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# wine

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Wine, Mum, children, feast, coat, They · **What happens:** be, make, ferment, dine, treat, crush · **To what, where:** alcoholic drink, fermented grapes, dark red colour, someone, them, Grapes

<!-- .vabout -->
«wine» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [wine in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/wine.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wine is an alcoholic drink made from fermented grapes or sometimes other fruits.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wine:m1:1
# text = Wine is an alcoholic drink made from fermented grapes or sometimes other fruits.
1	Wine	wine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	alcoholic	alcoholic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	drink	drink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	fermented	ferment	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	amod	_	_
9	grapes	grape	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	13	advmod	_	_
12	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	fruits	fruit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Wine | a alcoholic drink |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  | a alcoholic drink *not said here* |  | fermented grapes or other fruits |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset from grape=Material |
| 3 | **ferment** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn entity\_specific\_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wine (or wine-red) is a dark red colour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wine:m2:1
# text = Wine (or wine-red) is a dark red colour.
1	Wine	wine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
2	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
4	wine	wine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	6	punct	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
10	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
11	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Wine | a dark red colour |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To wine and dine someone is to take them out for a fancy meal and treat them well.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wine:m3:1
# text = To wine and dine someone is to take them out for a fancy meal and treat them well.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	wine	wine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	advcl	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	dine	dine	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
5	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	obj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	take	take	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	out	out	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	fancy	fancy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	meal	meal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	treat	treat	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
17	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obj	_	_
18	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	16	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dine** | infinitive |  | someone |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | for a fancy meal; take *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **treat** | infinitive |  | them *= they* |  |  |  | well *property* | vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Recipient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grapes are crushed to make wine.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wine:x1:1
# text = Grapes are crushed to make wine.
1	Grapes	grape	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	crushed	crush	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
6	wine	wine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crush** | present · passive |  | Grapes |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | wine |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset wine=Product |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum had a glass of wine with her dinner.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wine:x2:1
# text = Mum had a glass of wine with her dinner.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	glass	glass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	wine	wine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	dinner	dinner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | Mum | a glass of wine with Mum's dinner |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent glass=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wine is an adult drink; children must not drink alcohol.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wine:x3:1
# text = Wine is an adult drink; children must not drink alcohol.
1	Wine	wine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	adult	adult	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	drink	drink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
8	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
9	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
10	drink	drink	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
11	alcohol	alcohol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Wine | a adult drink |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **drink** | must | children | alcohol |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent alcohol=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The feast had bread, cheese and wine.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wine:x4:1
# text = The feast had bread, cheese and wine.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	feast	feast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	cheese	cheese	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	wine	wine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the feast | bread and cheese and wine |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bread=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her coat was a deep wine colour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wine:x5:1
# text = Her coat was a deep wine colour.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	coat	coat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	wine	wine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Her coat | a deep wine colour |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They wined and dined their guests at a smart restaurant.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wine:x6:1
# text = They wined and dined their guests at a smart restaurant.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wined	wine	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	dined	dine	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
5	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	guests	guest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	smart	smart	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	restaurant	restaurant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wine** | past | They |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **dine** | past | They *not said here* | their guests |  | a smart restaurant |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A bottle holds 750 ml of wine, so 4 bottles hold 3000 ml.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wine:x7:1
# text = A bottle holds 750 ml of wine, so 4 bottles hold 3000 ml.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bottle	bottle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	holds	hold	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	750	750	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	ml	ml	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	wine	wine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	so	so	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
10	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
11	bottles	bottle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
12	hold	hold	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
13	3000	3000	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	14	nummod	_	_
14	ml	ml	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | present | a bottle | 750 ml of wine |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ml=Theme |
| 2 | **hold** | present | 4 bottles | 3000 ml |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ml=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Some wine and meat," she replied.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wine:x8:1
# text = "Some wine and meat," she replied.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	3	det	_	_
3	wine	wine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	ccomp	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	meat	meat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	_
8	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	replied	reply	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reply** *speech: assert* | past | she |  |  |  |  |  | vn respond-113 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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