---
title: wintry — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «wintry» in the school dictionary: Typical of winter: cold, snowy, icy or frosty. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# wintry

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Wintry showers, forecast, It, wintry morning, We, you · **What happens:** be, mix, say, cover, paint, take · **To what, where:** showers, rain, wintry morning, car, wintry scene, care · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«wintry» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [wintry in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/wintry.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Typical of winter: cold, snowy, icy or frosty.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wintry:m1:1
# text = Typical of winter: cold, snowy, icy or frosty.
1	Typical	typical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
5	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	snowy	snowy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	icy	icy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	frosty	frosty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: weather forecasts, UK — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Wintry showers" are showers of rain mixed with sleet or snow.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wintry:m2:1
# text = "Wintry showers" are showers of rain mixed with sleet or snow.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Wintry	wintry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	showers	shower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	showers	shower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	mixed	mix	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	sleet	sleet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	snow	snow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Wintry showers | showers |  |  |  | of rain | tree rules |
| 2 | **mix** | participle |  | rain *not said here* |  |  |  | with sleet or snow | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V PP.co-patient»: agent=Patient with sleet=Co-Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: of a smile or a manner — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cold and unfriendly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wintry:m3:1
# text = Cold and unfriendly.
1	Cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	unfriendly	unfriendly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The forecast says there will be wintry showers tomorrow.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wintry:x1:1
# text = The forecast says there will be wintry showers tomorrow.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	forecast	forecast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	6	expl	_	_
5	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	be	be	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
7	wintry	wintry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	showers	shower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
9	tomorrow	tomorrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the forecast |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **be** | future | wintry showers |  |  | there | tomorrow |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was a wintry morning, and the car was covered in frost.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wintry:x2:1
# text = It was a wintry morning, and the car was covered in frost.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	wintry	wintry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl:relcl	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	frost	frost	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | It | a wintry morning |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **cover** | past · passive | a wintry morning *not said here* | the car |  |  |  | in frost | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination in frost=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We painted a wintry scene with snowy trees.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wintry:x3:1
# text = We painted a wintry scene with snowy trees.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	painted	paint	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	wintry	wintry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	scene	scene	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	snowy	snowy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **paint** | past | We | a wintry scene |  |  |  | with snowy trees | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent scene=Destination with tree=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Take care on the wintry roads.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wintry:x4:1
# text = Take care on the wintry roads.
1	Take	take	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	care	care	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	wintry	wintry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	roads	road	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | imperative | you *not said here* | care |  | the wintry roads |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent care=Theme on road=Destination |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The wind felt wintry even though it was only October.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wintry:x5:1
# text = The wind felt wintry even though it was only October.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	felt	feel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	wintry	wintry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	even	even	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
6	though	though	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	only	only	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	October	October	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | past | the wind |  |  |  |  | wintry *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **is a** | past | wind | October |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She gave him a wintry smile and walked away.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wintry:x6:1
# text = She gave him a wintry smile and walked away.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	iobj	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	wintry	wintry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	smile	smile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	walked	walk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
9	away	away	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | She | a wintry smile | him *= he* |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient smile=Theme |
| 2 | **walk away** | past | She *not said here* |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn resign-10.11-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
One very cold wintry day, as they talked, the Man put his fingers to his mouth and blew on them.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wintry:x7:1
# text = One very cold wintry day, as they talked, the Man put his fingers to his mouth and blew on them.
1	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
2	very	very	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
4	wintry	wintry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	talked	talk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	Man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	fingers	finger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	blew	blow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
21	on	on	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **talk** | past | they |  |  |  | day |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **put** | past | the Man | Man's fingers |  |  |  | to Man's mouth | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent finger=Goal |
| 3 | **blow** | past | the Man *not said here* |  |  |  |  | on fingers *= finger* | vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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