---
title: wrapping — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «wrapping» in the school dictionary: Wrapping is paper, plastic or other material used to cover or pack something. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# wrapping

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Wrapping, We, you, sandwich, She, her · **What happens:** be, use, cover, pack, put, wrap · **To what, where:** Wrapping paper, other material, something, paper, Wrapping, presents

<!-- .vabout -->
«wrapping» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [wrapping in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/wrapping.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wrapping is paper, plastic or other material used to cover or pack something.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wrapping:m1:1
# text = Wrapping is paper, plastic or other material used to cover or pack something.
1	Wrapping	wrapping	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	plastic	plastic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	material	material	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
9	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	cover	cover	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	advcl	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	pack	pack	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	conj	_	_
14	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | Wrapping paper and plastic or other material |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | participle |  | other material *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **cover** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **pack** | infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent something=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wrapping is putting paper or cloth around something to cover it, such as a present.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wrapping:m2:1
# text = Wrapping is putting paper or cloth around something to cover it, such as a present.
1	Wrapping	wrapping	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	putting	put	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	around	around	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	obl	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	cover	cover	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	acl	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	16	case	_	_
14	as	as	ADP	IN	_	13	fixed	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	present	present	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | present · progressive | Wrapping | paper or cloth |  | something |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent paper=Theme around something=Destination |
| 2 | **cover** | to-infinitive | Wrapping *not said here* | Wrapping |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Destination |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We were wrapping presents all evening.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wrapping:x1:1
# text = We were wrapping presents all evening.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	wrapping	wrap	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	presents	present	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	evening	evening	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wrap** | past · progressive | We | presents |  |  | evening |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent present=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Choose some wrapping paper with stars on it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wrapping:x2:1
# text = Choose some wrapping paper with stars on it.
1	Choose	choose	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	4	det	_	_
3	wrapping	wrapping	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	stars	star	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **choose** | imperative | you *not said here* | some wrapping paper |  | paper |  | with stars | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent paper=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Throw the plastic wrapping in the recycling bin if it can be recycled.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wrapping:x3:1
# text = Throw the plastic wrapping in the recycling bin if it can be recycled.
1	Throw	throw	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	plastic	plastic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	wrapping	wrapping	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	recycling	recycling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	bin	bin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
9	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
12	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	recycled	recycle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **throw** | imperative | you *not said here* | the plastic wrapping |  | the recycling bin |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent wrapping=Theme in bin=Destination |
| 2 | **recycle** *a condition, not said to happen* | can · passive |  | wrapping |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sandwich came in paper wrapping.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wrapping:x4:1
# text = The sandwich came in paper wrapping.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sandwich	sandwich	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	wrapping	wrapping	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | the sandwich |  |  | paper wrapping |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in wrapping=Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To wrap a box, you need enough paper to cover all six faces.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wrapping:x5:1
# text = To wrap a box, you need enough paper to cover all six faces.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	wrap	wrap	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	box	box	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	need	need	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	enough	enough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	cover	cover	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
12	all	all	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	six	six	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	14	nummod	_	_
14	faces	face	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wrap** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | a box |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent box=Theme |
| 2 | **need** | present | you | enough paper |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot paper=Theme |
| 3 | **cover** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | six faces |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme face=Destination |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She tore off the wrapping to see her gift.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wrapping:x6:1
# text = She tore off the wrapping to see her gift.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	tore	tore	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	off	off	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	wrapping	wrapping	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
8	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	gift	gift	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tore off** | past | She | the wrapping |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **see** | to-infinitive | She *not said here* | her gift |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer gift=Stimulus |
| 3 | **gift** |  | her *= she* |  |  |  |  |  | nom gift «possession transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The prince picked it up, and, wrapping it round with a thick cloth, hid it in his bosom.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wrapping:x7:1
# text = The prince picked it up, and, wrapping it round with a thick cloth, hid it in his bosom.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	prince	prince	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	picked	pick	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	wrapping	wrap	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	round	round	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	thick	thick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	hid	hide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	bosom	bosom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pick up** | past | the prince | it |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic |
| 2 | **wrap** | gerund | the prince *not said here* | it |  |  |  | with a thick cloth; round *property* | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Destination with cloth=Theme |
| 3 | **hide** | past | the prince *not said here* | cloth |  | prince's bosom |  |  | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent it=Patient in bosom=Location |
| 4 | **bosom** |  | prince |  |  |  |  |  | nom bosom «state transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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