---
title: wretch — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «wretch» in the school dictionary: A wretch is a bad or mean person, used as an insult or in anger. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/W/wretch/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [W](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/W/) / wretch

# wretch

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** wretch, poor wretch · **What happens:** be, use, pity, kill, have · **To what, where:** bad person, poor unhappy person, You, food

<!-- .vabout -->
«wretch» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 4 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [wretch in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/wretch.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A wretch is a bad or mean person, used as an insult or in anger.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wretch:m1:1
# text = A wretch is a bad or mean person, used as an insult or in anger.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	wretch	wretch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	mean	mean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
8	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
11	as	as	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	insult	insult	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	anger	anger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a wretch | a bad person |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | participle |  | a bad person *not said here* |  |  |  | as a insult or anger | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A wretch can also be a poor, unhappy person who is to be pitied.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wretch:m2:1
# text = A wretch can also be a poor, unhappy person who is to be pitied.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	wretch	wretch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
7	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
9	unhappy	unhappy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
11	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
14	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	pitied	pity	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | can | a wretch | a poor unhappy person |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pity** | present · passive |  | a poor unhappy person |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Wretch! You have killed my wife!"

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* "Wretch!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wretch:x1:1
# text = "Wretch!
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Wretch	wretch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* You have killed my wife!"

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wretch:x1:2
# text = You have killed my wife!"
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	killed	kill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **kill** | present · perfect · passive |  | You |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Experiencer wife=Result |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Ah, wretch of a human being!"

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wretch:x2:1
# text = "Ah, wretch of a human being!"
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Ah	ah	INTJ	UH	_	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	wretch	wretch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	human	human	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	acl	_	_
8	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The poor wretch had no food or shelter.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wretch:x3:1
# text = The poor wretch had no food or shelter.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	wretch	wretch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	6	det	_	_
6	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	shelter	shelter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the poor wretch | no food or shelter |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nothing for maths.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wretch:x4:1
# text = Nothing for maths.
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	0	root	_	_
2	for	for	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	maths	math	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [wrestling](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/W/wrestling/)
- next →: [wretched](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/W/wretched/)
- ↑ back to [W in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/W/)