---
title: wrongdoer — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «wrongdoer» in the school dictionary: A wrongdoer is a person who does something bad or against the law. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# wrongdoer

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** wrongdoer, person, older wrongdoers, people, police, judge · **What happens:** be, do, want, find, say, pay · **To what, where:** person, something, sinners, wrong, eyes, wrongdoer · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«wrongdoer» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [wrongdoer in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/wrongdoer.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A wrongdoer is a person who does something bad or against the law.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wrongdoer:m1:1
# text = A wrongdoer is a person who does something bad or against the law.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	wrongdoer	wrongdoer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	does	do	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	obj	_	_
9	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	against	against	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a wrongdoer | a person |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** | present | a person | something |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: Bible, formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In older and church language, wrongdoers are sinners — people who do wrong in God's eyes.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wrongdoer:m2:1
# text = In older and church language, wrongdoers are sinners — people who do wrong in God's eyes.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	7	amod	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	church	church	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
7	wrongdoers	wrongdoer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
8	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	sinners	sinner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
10	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
11	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	appos	_	_
12	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
13	do	do	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
14	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	obj	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	's	's	PART	POS	_	16	case	_	_
18	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | older wrongdoers | sinners |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** | present | people | wrong |  | God's eyes |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wrong=Eventuality |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The police wanted to find the wrongdoer quickly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wrongdoer:x1:1
# text = The police wanted to find the wrongdoer quickly.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	police	police	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	wanted	want	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	wrongdoer	wrongdoer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **want** | past | the police |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **find** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the police *not said here* | the wrongdoer |  |  |  | quickly *property* | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wrongdoer=Topic |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The judge said wrongdoers must pay for the damage.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wrongdoer:x2:1
# text = The judge said wrongdoers must pay for the damage.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	judge	judge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	wrongdoers	wrongdoer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
5	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	pay	pay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	damage	damage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the judge |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **pay** | must | wrongdoers |  |  |  |  | for the damage | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent for damage=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the story, the knight chased the wrongdoer through the forest.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wrongdoer:x3:1
# text = In the story, the knight chased the wrongdoer through the forest.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	knight	knight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	chased	chase	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	wrongdoer	wrongdoer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	through	through	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **chase** | past | the knight | the wrongdoer |  | the story |  | through the forest | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent wrongdoer=Theme in story=Trajectory |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Jesus ate with sinners and wrongdoers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wrongdoer:x4:1
# text = Jesus ate with sinners and wrongdoers.
1	Jesus	Jesus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	ate	eat	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	sinners	sinner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	wrongdoers	wrongdoer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | past | Jesus |  |  |  |  | with sinners and wrongdoers | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our teacher said the wrongdoer should own up.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wrongdoer:x5:1
# text = Our teacher said the wrongdoer should own up.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	wrongdoer	wrongdoer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
6	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	own	own	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
8	up	up	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Our teacher |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **own up** | should | the wrongdoer |  |  |  |  |  | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Should a wrongdoer always be punished, or sometimes forgiven?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:wrongdoer:x6:1
# text = Should a wrongdoer always be punished, or sometimes forgiven?
1	Should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	wrongdoer	wrongdoer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	6	advmod	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	punished	punish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	10	advmod	_	_
10	forgiven	forgive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **punish** | should · passive |  | a wrongdoer |  |  |  | always *property* | vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **forgive** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | sometimes *property* | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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