---
title: xi — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «xi» in the school dictionary: The Roman numeral for 11. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# xi

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Chinese syllable, Chapter, XI, Pope Pius, news, Louis · **What happens:** write, letter, sound, call, be, mean · **To what, where:** Greek alphabet, Chinese, football team, last chapter, ten, letter · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«xi» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [xi in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/xi.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Roman numeral for 11.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:xi:m1:1
# text = The Roman numeral for 11.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Roman	roman	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	numeral	numeral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	11	11	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The 14th letter of the Greek alphabet, written Ξ or ξ.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:xi:m2:1
# text = The 14th letter of the Greek alphabet, written Ξ or ξ.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	14th	14th	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Ord	3	amod	_	_
3	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	Greek	Greek	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	alphabet	alphabet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	written	write	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	amod	_	_
10	Ξ	ξ	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	ξ	ξ	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **letter** |  |  | the Greek alphabet |  |  |  |  | nom letter «communication transitive»: of=patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: Mandarin, pinyin — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A Chinese syllable or family name, as in Xi Jinping, the leader of China (a name); in Chinese it sounds like «shee».

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:xi:m3:1
# text = A Chinese syllable or family name, as in Xi Jinping, the leader of China (a name); in Chinese it sounds like «shee».
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Chinese	Chinese	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	syllable	syllable	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nsubj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	as	as	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Xi	Xi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	_
11	Jinping	Jinping	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	leader	leader	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	appos	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	China	China	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
17	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	25	punct	_	_
22	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	Chinese	Chinese	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
24	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
25	sounds	sound	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
26	like	like	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	shee	Shee	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	25	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sound** | present | a Chinese syllable or family name |  |  | Chinese |  | like shee | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in chinese=Location |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The football team is called the first XI.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:xi:x1:1
# text = The football team is called the first XI.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	football	football	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	8	amod	_	_
8	XI	XI	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | present · passive |  | the football team |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Chapter XI is the last chapter.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:xi:x2:1
# text = Chapter XI is the last chapter.
1	Chapter	chapter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	XI	XI	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	chapter	chapter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Chapter | the last chapter |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
XI means ten plus one.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:xi:x3:1
# text = XI means ten plus one.
1	XI	xi	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	obj	_	_
4	plus	plus	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | XI | ten |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ten=Topic |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pope Pius XI lived about a hundred years ago.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:xi:x4:1
# text = Pope Pius XI lived about a hundred years ago.
1	Pope	Pope	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	Pius	Pius	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	XI	XI	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	_
4	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	about	about	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	hundred	hundred	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl:unmarked	_	_
9	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | past | Pope Pius |  |  |  |  | ago *property* | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Xi is a letter in the Greek alphabet.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:xi:x5:1
# text = Xi is a letter in the Greek alphabet.
1	Xi	Xi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	Greek	Greek	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	alphabet	alphabet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Xi | a letter |  | the Greek alphabet |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The news showed President Xi meeting other leaders.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:xi:x6:1
# text = The news showed President Xi meeting other leaders.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	news	news	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	showed	show	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	President	President	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod:desc	_	_
5	Xi	Xi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	meeting	meet	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
7	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	leaders	leader	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | past | the news |  | Xi  President |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent xi=Recipient |
| 2 | **meet** | gerund | the news *not said here* | other leaders |  |  |  |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leader=Co-Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thus, too, there was Louis XI.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:xi:x7:1
# text = Thus, too, there was Louis XI.
1	Thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	too	too	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
5	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	6	expl	_	_
6	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	Louis	Louis	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
8	XI	XI	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | Louis |  |  | there |  | thus *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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