---
title: xiv — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «xiv» in the school dictionary: XIV is the Roman numeral for 14. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# xiv

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** XIV, X, Louis, you · **What happens:** be, use, name, mean, make, know · **To what, where:** Roman numeral, It, kings, fourteen, XIV, famous king

<!-- .vabout -->
«xiv» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [xiv in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/xiv.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
XIV is the Roman numeral for 14.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:xiv:m1:1
# text = XIV is the Roman numeral for 14.
1	XIV	xiv	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	Roman	roman	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	numeral	numeral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	14	14	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | XIV | the Roman numeral |  |  |  | for 14 | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
X (10) + IV (4).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:xiv:m1e:1
# text = X (10) + IV (4).
1	X	x	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	1	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
5	+	+	SYM	SYM	_	6	cc	_	_
6	IV	IV	NUM	CD	NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card	1	conj	_	_
7	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	1	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is used for numbers in names of kings, popes and chapters, such as Louis XIV (Louis the Fourteenth) of France.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:xiv:m2:1
# text = It is used for numbers in names of kings, popes and chapters, such as Louis XIV (Louis the Fourteenth) of France.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	numbers	number	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	names	name	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	kings	king	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	popes	pope	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	chapters	chapter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	18	case	_	_
16	as	as	ADP	IN	_	15	fixed	_	_
17	Louis	Louis	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	XIV	XIV	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
19	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	Louis	Louis	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	appos	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	Fourteenth	Fourteenth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	20	punct	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	France	France	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  | for numbers in names of kings and popes and chapters and Louis XIV | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: subject=Theme for number=Eventuality |
| 2 | **name** |  |  | kings |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
XIV means fourteen.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:xiv:x1:1
# text = XIV means fourteen.
1	XIV	xiv	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	fourteen	fourteen	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | XIV | fourteen |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fourteen=Topic |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
X plus IV makes XIV.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:xiv:x2:1
# text = X plus IV makes XIV.
1	X	x	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	plus	plus	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	IV	iv	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	XIV	XIV	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | X plus IV | XIV |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset xiv=Product |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Louis XIV was a famous king of France known as the Sun King.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:xiv:x3:1
# text = Louis XIV was a famous king of France known as the Sun King.
1	Louis	Louis	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	XIV	XIV	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	famous	famous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	France	France	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
10	as	as	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	King	King	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Louis | a famous king |  |  |  | of France | tree rules |
| 2 | **know** | participle |  | a famous king *not said here* |  |  |  | as the Sun King | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer as king=Attribute |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Turn to Chapter XIV of the book.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:xiv:x4:1
# text = Turn to Chapter XIV of the book.
1	Turn	turn	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	to	to	PART	TO	_	3	mark	_	_
3	Chapter	chapter	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	xcomp	_	_
4	XIV	XIV	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **chapter** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | XIV of the book |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Write 14 in Roman numerals: XIV.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:xiv:x5:1
# text = Write 14 in Roman numerals: XIV.
1	Write	write	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	14	14	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	1	obj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	Roman	roman	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	numerals	numeral	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
7	XIV	XIV	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | imperative | you *not said here* | 14 |  | Roman numerals |  | XIV *obl* | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent 14=Theme in numeral=Destination |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
XIV minus IV is X.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:xiv:x6:1
# text = XIV minus IV is X.
1	XIV	xiv	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
2	minus	minus	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	IV	iv	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	X	x	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | XIV X |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Awful Fate of Mr. Wolf XIV.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:xiv:x7:1
# text = The Awful Fate of Mr. Wolf XIV.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Awful	awful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	Fate	fate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	Mr.	Mr.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:desc	_	_
6	Wolf	Wolf	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	XIV	XIV	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fate** |  |  | Wolf XIV |  |  |  |  | nom fate «event transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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