---
title: yak — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «yak» in the school dictionary: A yak is a large, long-haired wild or farm ox that lives in the high, cold mountains of Tibet, the Himalayas and Central Asia. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# yak

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** yak, large haired wild ox, Yaks, long hair, yak herders, you · **What happens:** be, live, yak, mean, chat, talk · **To what, where:** large haired wild ox, high cold mountains, unimportant things, heavy loads, yak, tents · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«yak» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [yak in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/yak.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A yak is a large, long-haired wild or farm ox that lives in the high, cold mountains of Tibet, the Himalayas and Central Asia.

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:yak:m1:1
# text = A yak is a large, long-haired wild or farm ox that lives in the high, cold mountains of Tibet, the Himalayas and Central Asia.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	yak	yak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
5	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	haired	haired	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
10	wild	wild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	farm	farm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	conj	_	_
13	ox	ox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
14	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
15	lives	live	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	acl:relcl	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
18	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
20	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	mountains	mountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	Tibet	Tibet	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	Himalayas	Himalaya	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	23	conj	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
28	Central	Central	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	flat	_	_
29	Asia	Asia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a yak | a large haired wild ox |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **live** | present | a large haired wild ox |  |  | the high cold mountains of Tibet and the Himalayas and Central Asia |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in mountain=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To yak means to chat or talk on and on about unimportant things.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:yak:m2:1
# text = To yak means to chat or talk on and on about unimportant things.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	yak	yak	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	csubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	chat	chat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	talk	talk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	about	about	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	unimportant	unimportant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **yak** *speech: other* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn chit\_chat-37.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **chat** *speech: other* *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn chit\_chat-37.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **talk** | infinitive |  |  |  | unimportant things |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yaks carry heavy loads up the mountain paths.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:yak:x1:1
# text = Yaks carry heavy loads up the mountain paths.
1	Yaks	yak	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	carry	carry	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	loads	load	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	up	up	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	mountain	mountain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	paths	path	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carry** | present | Yaks | heavy loads |  |  |  | up the mountain paths | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent load=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A yak's long hair keeps it warm in the snow.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:yak:x2:1
# text = A yak's long hair keeps it warm in the snow.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	yak	yak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	snow	snow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present | a yak's long hair | yak |  |  |  | warm *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
People in Tibet drink yak butter tea.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:yak:x3:1
# text = People in Tibet drink yak butter tea.
1	People	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	Tibet	Tibet	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
4	drink	drink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	yak	yak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
6	butter	butter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	tea	tea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The yak herders lived in tents high in the mountains.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:yak:x4:1
# text = The yak herders lived in tents high in the mountains.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	yak	yak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	herders	herder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	tents	tent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
7	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	mountains	mountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | past | the yak herders |  |  | tents |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in tent=Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Stop yakking and finish your work!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:yak:x5:1
# text = Stop yakking and finish your work!
1	Stop	stop	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	yakking	yak	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	xcomp	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	finish	finish	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
5	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **yak** *speech: other* | gerund | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn chit\_chat-37.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **finish** | infinitive | you *not said here* | your work |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality work=Eventuality |
| 4 | **work** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom work «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The two friends yakked on the phone for an hour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:yak:x6:1
# text = The two friends yakked on the phone for an hour.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
4	yakked	yak	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	phone	phone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **yak** *speech: other* | participle |  | the two friends *not said here* |  | the phone | hour |  | vn chit\_chat-37.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dried yak dung is burned for heat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:yak:x7:1
# text = Dried yak dung is burned for heat.
1	Dried	dry	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	amod	_	_
2	yak	yak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	dung	dung	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	burned	burn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dry** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **burn** | present · passive |  | Dried yak dung |  |  |  | for heat | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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