---
title: הָפַךְ — Tanakh dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «הָפַךְ» in the Tanakh dictionary: turn. Every English meaning with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# הָפַךְ

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**Who acts:** you, he, it · **What happens:** turn, change · **To what, where:** it

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«הָפַךְ‎» in the Tanakh dictionary: its 3 English meanings, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its verses: [הָפַךְ‎ in the Tanakh dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/w/2015.md).

## Meaning (OSHB) {#m1}

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turn

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:tanakh:2015:m1:1
# text = turn
1	turn	turn	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
```

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning (BDB 1906) {#m2}

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vb. Qal

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*Sentence 1:* vb.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:tanakh:2015:m2:1
# text = vb.
1	vb	vb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

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The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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*Sentence 2:* Qal

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:tanakh:2015:m2:2
# text = Qal
1	Qal	Qal	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

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The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## MACULA's glosses {#m3}

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he turned; it has turned; it was changed

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:tanakh:2015:m3:1
# text = he turned; it has turned; it was changed
1	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	turned	turn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	changed	change	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | past | he |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **turn** | present · perfect | it |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **change** | past · passive |  | it |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

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**Text:** the English meanings of the Tanakh dictionary: the OpenScriptures lexical index (CC BY 4.0), Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 (public domain, via Sefaria) as their short meanings, and MACULA Hebrew's glosses (CC BY 4.0) when they read as English; the whole entries, dense with abbreviations and Hebrew, are not parsed. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Trees and frames: Elamur Cosmic License.

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