---
title: זָעַף — Tanakh dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «זָעַף» in the Tanakh dictionary: be out of humour. Every English meaning with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# זָעַף

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**Who acts:** you, vb, it · **What happens:** be, vex, enrage, rage · **To what, where:** humour, he

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«זָעַף‎» in the Tanakh dictionary: its 3 English meanings, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its verses: [זָעַף‎ in the Tanakh dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/w/2196.md).

## Meaning (OSHB) {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
be out of humour

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:tanakh:2196:m1:1
# text = be out of humour
1	be	be	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	out	out	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	humour	humour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
```

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | humour |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme out humour=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning (BDB 1906) {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
vb. be out of humour, vexed; be enraged

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:tanakh:2196:m2:1
# text = vb. be out of humour, vexed; be enraged
1	vb	vb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	cop	_	_
4	out	out	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	humour	humour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	vexed	vex	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	enraged	enrage	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | infinitive | vb |  |  | humour |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **vex** | participle | vb *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **enrage** | infinitive · passive | vb *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle» |

## MACULA's glosses {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
he; he was enraged; it rages

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:tanakh:2196:m3:1
# text = he; he was enraged; it rages
1	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	enraged	enrage	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	rages	rage	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
```

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **enrage** | past · passive |  | he |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer |
| 2 | **rage** | present | it |  |  |  |  |  | vn entity\_specific\_modes\_being-47.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the English meanings of the Tanakh dictionary: the OpenScriptures lexical index (CC BY 4.0), Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 (public domain, via Sefaria) as their short meanings, and MACULA Hebrew's glosses (CC BY 4.0) when they read as English; the whole entries, dense with abbreviations and Hebrew, are not parsed. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Trees and frames: Elamur Cosmic License.

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