---
title: עָרַב — Tanakh dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «עָרַב» in the Tanakh dictionary: take on pledge. Every English meaning with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# עָרַב

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**Who acts:** you, he · **What happens:** take on, take, give, stand, make · **To what, where:** pledge, surety, wager

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«עָרַב‎» in the Tanakh dictionary: its 3 English meanings, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its verses: [עָרַב‎ in the Tanakh dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/w/6148.md).

## Meaning (OSHB) {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
take on pledge

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:tanakh:6148:m1:1
# text = take on pledge
1	take	take	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	on	on	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	pledge	pledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
```

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take on** | imperative | you *not said here* | pledge |  |  |  |  | vn adopt-93.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pledge=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning (BDB 1906) {#m2}

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vb. take on pledge, give in pledge, exchange

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:tanakh:6148:m2:1
# text = vb. take on pledge, give in pledge, exchange
1	vb	vb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	vocative	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
3	take	take	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	pledge	pledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	give	give	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	pledge	pledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	exchange	exchange	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
```

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | pledge |  | vb *vocative* | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent on pledge=Destination |
| 2 | **give** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  | pledge and exchange |  |  | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

## MACULA's glosses {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
he stands surety for; he stood surety for; make a wager

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:tanakh:6148:m3:1
# text = he stands surety for; he stood surety for; make a wager
1	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	stands	stand	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	surety	surety	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	3	fixed	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
8	surety	surety	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	make	make	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	wager	wager	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
```

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | present | he | surety |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer surety=Stimulus |
| 2 | **stand** | past | he | surety |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer surety=Stimulus |
| 3 | **make** | infinitive |  | a wager |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset wager=Product |

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**Text:** the English meanings of the Tanakh dictionary: the OpenScriptures lexical index (CC BY 4.0), Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 (public domain, via Sefaria) as their short meanings, and MACULA Hebrew's glosses (CC BY 4.0) when they read as English; the whole entries, dense with abbreviations and Hebrew, are not parsed. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Trees and frames: Elamur Cosmic License.

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