---
title: שָׁבַע — Tanakh dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «שָׁבַע» in the Tanakh dictionary: swear. Every English meaning with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# שָׁבַע

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**Who acts:** you, he, I · **What happens:** swear · **To what, where:** oath

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«שָׁבַע‎» in the Tanakh dictionary: its 3 English meanings, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its verses: [שָׁבַע‎ in the Tanakh dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/w/7650.md).

## Meaning (OSHB) {#m1}

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swear

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:tanakh:7650:m1:1
# text = swear
1	swear	swear	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
```

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swear** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning (BDB 1906) {#m2}

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vb. Hiph. Niph.

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*Sentence 1:* vb.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:tanakh:7650:m2:1
# text = vb.
1	vb	vb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

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The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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*Sentence 2:* Hiph.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:tanakh:7650:m2:2
# text = Hiph.
1	Hiph	Hiph	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

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The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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*Sentence 3:* Niph.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:tanakh:7650:m2:3
# text = Niph.
1	Niph	Niph	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

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The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## MACULA's glosses {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
he swore; he swore an oath; I swore

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:tanakh:7650:m3:1
# text = he swore; he swore an oath; I swore
1	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	swore	swear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	swore	swear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	oath	oath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
9	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	swore	swear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
```

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swear** | past | he |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **swear** | past | he | a oath |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent oath=Eventuality |
| 3 | **swear** | past | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the English meanings of the Tanakh dictionary: the OpenScriptures lexical index (CC BY 4.0), Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 (public domain, via Sefaria) as their short meanings, and MACULA Hebrew's glosses (CC BY 4.0) when they read as English; the whole entries, dense with abbreviations and Hebrew, are not parsed. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Trees and frames: Elamur Cosmic License.

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