---
title: שָׁכַם — Tanakh dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «שָׁכַם» in the Tanakh dictionary: start. Every English meaning with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# שָׁכַם

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**Who acts:** you, vb denom, he, they · **What happens:** start, rise

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«שָׁכַם‎» in the Tanakh dictionary: its 3 English meanings, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its verses: [שָׁכַם‎ in the Tanakh dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/w/7925.md).

## Meaning (OSHB) {#m1}

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start

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:tanakh:7925:m1:1
# text = start
1	start	start	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
```

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **start** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning (BDB 1906) {#m2}

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vb. denom. start, rise, early

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:tanakh:7925:m2:1
# text = vb. denom. start, rise, early
1	vb	vb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
3	denom	denom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
5	start	start	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	rise	rise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	early	early	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
```

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **start** | infinitive | vb denom |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 2 | **rise** | infinitive | vb denom *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## MACULA's glosses {#m3}

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he rose early; they rose early; rising early

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:tanakh:7925:m3:1
# text = he rose early; they rose early; rising early
1	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	rose	rise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	early	early	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
5	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	rose	rise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
7	early	early	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	rising	rise	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
10	early	early	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	9	advmod	_	_
```

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rise** | past | he |  |  |  |  | early *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **rise** | past | they |  |  |  |  | early *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **rise** | gerund | he *not said here* |  |  |  |  | early *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the English meanings of the Tanakh dictionary: the OpenScriptures lexical index (CC BY 4.0), Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 (public domain, via Sefaria) as their short meanings, and MACULA Hebrew's glosses (CC BY 4.0) when they read as English; the whole entries, dense with abbreviations and Hebrew, are not parsed. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Trees and frames: Elamur Cosmic License.

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