--- title: 1 Chronicles 10:3 — And the battle went sore against Saul, and the archers overtook him;… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the battle went sore against Saul, and the archers overtook him; and he was in anguish by reason of the archers. Who acts: battle, archers. 1 Chronicles 10:3 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.10.3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [1 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/) / [chapter 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/10/) / 10:3 # 1 Chronicles 10:3 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים א **Who acts:** battle, archers · **What happens:** go, overtake, be · **To what, where:** Saul, battle, anguish This is 1 Chronicles 10:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — battle, archers — and what happens in the verse to Saul, battle, anguish, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 29 chapters of 1 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַתִּכְבַּ֤ד הַמִּלְחָמָה֙ עַל־שָׁא֔וּל וַיִּמְצָאֻ֖הוּ הַמּוֹרִ֣ים בַּקָּ֑שֶׁת וַיָּ֖חֶל מִן־הַיּוֹרִֽים׃ [And the battle went sore against Saul, and the archers overtook him; and he was in anguish by reason of the archers.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.460/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1CH:409 # text = וַתִּכְבַּ֤ד הַמִּלְחָמָה֙ עַל־שָׁא֔וּל וַיִּמְצָאֻ֖הוּ הַמּוֹרִ֣ים בַּקָּ֑שֶׁת וַיָּ֖חֶל מִן־הַיּוֹרִֽים׃ # verse = 1CH.10.3 1-2 וַתִּכְבַּ֤ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_10:3!1|MId=o130100030011|Strong=2050b 2 תִּכְבַּ֤ד כָּבֵד VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was.heavy|Ref=1CH_10:3!1|MId=o130100030012|Strong=3513|Frame=A0:130100030022;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 הַמִּלְחָמָה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1CH_10:3!2|MId=o130100030021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 מִּלְחָמָה֙ מִלְחָמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=battle|Ref=1CH_10:3!2|MId=o130100030022|Strong=4421 5 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1CH_10:3!3|MId=o130100030031|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 6 שָׁא֔וּל שָׁאוּל PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Saul|Ref=1CH_10:3!4|MId=o130100030041|Strong=7586 7-9 וַיִּמְצָאֻ֖הוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_10:3!5|MId=o130100030051|Strong=2050b 8 יִּמְצָאֻ֖ מָצָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they|Ref=1CH_10:3!5|MId=o130100030052|Strong=4672|Frame=A1:130100030053;A0:130100030062;|Type=wayyiqtol 9 הוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 obj _ Gloss=found.him|Ref=1CH_10:3!5|MId=o130100030053|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 10-11 הַמּוֹרִ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 11 mark _ Gloss=the|Ref=1CH_10:3!6|MId=o130100030061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 מּוֹרִ֣ים יָרָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur 8 nsubj _ Gloss=archers|Ref=1CH_10:3!6|MId=o130100030062|Strong=3384|Type=participle_active 12-14 בַּקָּ֑שֶׁת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=1CH_10:3!7|MId=o130100030071|Strong=0871a 13 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1CH_10:3!7|MId=o130100030071ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 קָּ֑שֶׁת קֶשֶׁת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 11 obl _ Gloss=bow|Ref=1CH_10:3!7|MId=o130100030072|Strong=7198 15-16 וַיָּ֖חֶל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_10:3!8|MId=o130100030081|Strong=2050b 16 יָּ֖חֶל חיל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.was.in.severe.pain|Ref=1CH_10:3!8|MId=o130100030082|Strong=2342a|Frame=A0:130100030041;|Type=wayyiqtol 17 מִן־ מִן ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=1CH_10:3!9|MId=o130100030091|Strong=4480|SpaceAfter=No 18-19 הַיּוֹרִֽים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1CH_10:3!10|MId=o130100030101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 יּוֹרִֽים יָרָה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 16 obl _ Gloss=archers|Ref=1CH_10:3!10|MId=o130100030102|Strong=3384c|Type=participle_active 20 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 19 punct _ Ref=1CH_10:3!10 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תִּכְבַּד *it was heavy* | wayyiqtol · qal | מִּלְחָמָה *battle* | | | | | יִּמְצָאֻ *they* | wayyiqtol · qal | מּוֹרִים *archers* | הוּ *found him* | | | | יָּחֶל *he was in severe pain* | wayyiqtol · qal | שָׁאוּל *Saul* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the battle went sore against Saul, and the archers overtook him; and he was in anguish by reason of the archers.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.460/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1CH:409`. - ← previous: [1 Chronicles 10:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.10.2/) - next →: [1 Chronicles 10:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.10.4/) - ↑ back to [1 Chronicles 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/10/)