--- title: 1 Chronicles 11:15 — And three of the thirty chiefs went down to the rock to David, unto… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And three of the thirty chiefs went down to the rock to David, unto the cave of Adullam; and the host of the Philistines were encamped in the valley of Rephaim. Who acts: three. 1 Chronicles 11:15 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.11.15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [1 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/) / [chapter 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/11/) / 11:15 # 1 Chronicles 11:15 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים א **Who acts:** three · **What happens:** go down, encamp · **To what, where:** David, host, valley This is 1 Chronicles 11:15 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — three — and what happens in the verse to David, host, valley, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 29 chapters of 1 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֵּרְד֡וּ שְֽׁלוֹשָׁה֩ מִן־הַשְּׁלוֹשִׁ֨ים רֹ֤אשׁ עַל־הַצֻּר֙ אֶל־דָּוִ֔יד אֶל־מְעָרַ֖ת עֲדֻלָּ֑ם וּמַחֲנֵ֣ה פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים חֹנָ֖ה בְּעֵ֥מֶק רְפָאִֽים׃ [And three of the thirty chiefs went down to the rock to David, unto the cave of Adullam; and the host of the Philistines were encamped in the valley of Rephaim.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.487/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1CH:435 # text = וַיֵּרְד֡וּ שְֽׁלוֹשָׁה֩ מִן־הַשְּׁלוֹשִׁ֨ים רֹ֤אשׁ עַל־הַצֻּר֙ אֶל־דָּוִ֔יד אֶל־מְעָרַ֖ת עֲדֻלָּ֑ם וּמַחֲנֵ֣ה פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים חֹנָ֖ה בְּעֵ֥מֶק רְפָאִֽים׃ # verse = 1CH.11.15 1-2 וַיֵּרְד֡וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_11:15!1|MId=o130110150011|Strong=2050b 2 יֵּרְד֡וּ יָרַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.went.down|Ref=1CH_11:15!1|MId=o130110150012|Strong=3381|Frame=A0:130110150051;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 שְֽׁלוֹשָׁה֩ שָׁלֹשׁ NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 nummod _ Gloss=three|Ref=1CH_11:15!2|MId=o130110150021|Strong=7969|Type=cardinal_number 4 מִן־ מִן ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=1CH_11:15!3|MId=o130110150031|Strong=4480|SpaceAfter=No 5-6 הַשְּׁלוֹשִׁ֨ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1CH_11:15!4|MId=o130110150041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 שְּׁלוֹשִׁ֨ים שָׁלֹשׁ NUM _ Number=Plur 3 nmod _ Gloss=thirty|Ref=1CH_11:15!4|MId=o130110150042|Strong=7970|Type=cardinal_number 7 רֹ֤אשׁ רֹאשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=chief[s]|Ref=1CH_11:15!5|MId=o130110150051|Strong=7218 8 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1CH_11:15!6|MId=o130110150061|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 9-10 הַצֻּר֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1CH_11:15!7|MId=o130110150071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 צֻּר֙ צוּר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=rock|Ref=1CH_11:15!7|MId=o130110150072|Strong=6697 11 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1CH_11:15!8|MId=o130110150081|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 12 דָּוִ֔יד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=David|Ref=1CH_11:15!9|MId=o130110150091|Strong=1732 13 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1CH_11:15!10|MId=o130110150101|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 14 מְעָרַ֖ת מְעָרָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=the.cave|Ref=1CH_11:15!11|MId=o130110150111|Strong=4631 15 עֲדֻלָּ֑ם עֲדֻלָּם PROPN _ _ 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Adullam|Ref=1CH_11:15!12|MId=o130110150121|Strong=5725 16-17 וּמַחֲנֵ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_11:15!13|MId=o130110150131|Strong=2050b 17 מַחֲנֵ֣ה מַחֲנֶה NOUN _ Number=Sing 19 nsubj _ Gloss=a.camp|Ref=1CH_11:15!13|MId=o130110150132|Strong=4264 18 פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים פְּלִשְׁתִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Philistines|Ref=1CH_11:15!14|MId=o130110150141|Strong=6430|Type=gentilic 19 חֹנָ֖ה חָנָה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=[was].encamping|Ref=1CH_11:15!15|MId=o130110150151|Strong=2583|Frame=A0:130110150132;|Type=participle_active 20-21 בְּעֵ֥מֶק _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1CH_11:15!16|MId=o130110150161|Strong=0871a 21 עֵ֥מֶק עֵמֶק NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 obl _ Gloss=the.valley|Ref=1CH_11:15!16|MId=o130110150162|Strong=6010 22 רְפָאִֽים רְפָאִים PROPN _ _ 21 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Rephaim|Ref=1CH_11:15!17|MId=o130110150171|Strong=7497a|SpaceAfter=No 23 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 22 punct _ Ref=1CH_11:15!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֵּרְדוּ *they went down* | wayyiqtol · qal | רֹאשׁ *chief\[s\]* | | | | | חֹנָה *\[was\] encamping* | participle active · qal | מַחֲנֵה *a camp* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And three of the thirty chiefs went down to the rock to David, unto the cave of Adullam; and the host of the Philistines were encamped in the valley of Rephaim.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.487/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1CH:435`. - ← previous: [1 Chronicles 11:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.11.14/) - next →: [1 Chronicles 11:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.11.16/) - ↑ back to [1 Chronicles 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/11/)