--- title: 1 Chronicles 11:18 — And the three broke through the host of the Philistines, and drew wa… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the three broke through the host of the Philistines, and drew water out of the well of Beth-lehem, that was by the gate, and took it, and brought it to David; but David would not drink thereof, but poured it out unto the LORD, Who acts: three, well, David. 1 Chronicles 11:18 in Hebrew with its d --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.11.18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [1 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/) / [chapter 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/11/) / 11:18 # 1 Chronicles 11:18 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים א **Who acts:** three, well, David · **What happens:** break, draw, be, take, bring, not drink · **To what, where:** host, water, well, David This is 1 Chronicles 11:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — three, well, David — and what happens in the verse to host, water, well, David, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 29 chapters of 1 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּבְקְע֨וּ הַשְּׁלֹשָׁ֜ה בְּמַחֲנֵ֣ה פְלִשְׁתִּ֗ים וַיִּֽשְׁאֲבוּ־מַ֙יִם֙ מִבּ֤וֹר בֵּֽית־לֶ֙חֶם֙בֵּֽית־לֶ֙חֶם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בַּשַּׁ֔עַר וַיִּשְׂא֖וּ וַיָּבִ֣אוּ אֶל־דָּוִ֑יד וְלֹֽא־אָבָ֤ה דָוִיד֙ לִשְׁתּוֹתָ֔ם וַיְנַסֵּ֥ךְ אֹתָ֖ם לַיהוָֽה׃ [And the three broke through the host of the Philistines, and drew water out of the well of Beth-lehem, that was by the gate, and took it, and brought it to David; but David would not drink thereof, but poured it out unto the LORD,](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.490/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1CH:438 # text = וַיִּבְקְע֨וּ הַשְּׁלֹשָׁ֜ה בְּמַחֲנֵ֣ה פְלִשְׁתִּ֗ים וַיִּֽשְׁאֲבוּ־מַ֙יִם֙ מִבּ֤וֹר בֵּֽית־לֶ֙חֶם֙בֵּֽית־לֶ֙חֶם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בַּשַּׁ֔עַר וַיִּשְׂא֖וּ וַיָּבִ֣אוּ אֶל־דָּוִ֑יד וְלֹֽא־אָבָ֤ה דָוִיד֙ לִשְׁתּוֹתָ֔ם וַיְנַסֵּ֥ךְ אֹתָ֖ם לַיהוָֽה׃ # verse = 1CH.11.18 1-2 וַיִּבְקְע֨וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_11:18!1|MId=o130110180011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּבְקְע֨וּ בָּקַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.broke.through|Ref=1CH_11:18!1|MId=o130110180012|Strong=1234|Frame=A0:130110180022;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 הַשְּׁלֹשָׁ֜ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1CH_11:18!2|MId=o130110180021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 שְּׁלֹשָׁ֜ה שָׁלֹשׁ NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=three|Ref=1CH_11:18!2|MId=o130110180022|Strong=7969|Type=cardinal_number 5-6 בְּמַחֲנֵ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1CH_11:18!3|MId=o130110180031|Strong=0871a 6 מַחֲנֵ֣ה מַחֲנֶה NOUN _ Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=the.camp|Ref=1CH_11:18!3|MId=o130110180032|Strong=4264 7 פְלִשְׁתִּ֗ים פְּלִשְׁתִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.[the].Philistines|Ref=1CH_11:18!4|MId=o130110180041|Strong=6430|Type=gentilic 8-9 וַיִּֽשְׁאֲבוּ־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_11:18!5|MId=o130110180051|Strong=2050b 9 יִּֽשְׁאֲבוּ־ שָׁאַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.drew|Ref=1CH_11:18!5|MId=o130110180052|Strong=7579|Frame=A0:130110180022;A1:130110180061;|Type=wayyiqtol 10 מַ֙יִם֙ מַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 9 obj _ Gloss=water|Ref=1CH_11:18!6|MId=o130110180061|Strong=4325 11-12 מִבּ֤וֹר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=1CH_11:18!7|MId=o130110180071|Strong=4480 12 בּ֤וֹר בּוֹר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=the.well|Ref=1CH_11:18!7|MId=o130110180072|Strong=0953 13-14 בֵּֽית־לֶ֙חֶם֙בֵּֽית־לֶ֙חֶם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 בֵּֽית־לֶ֙חֶם֙ בֵּית־לֶחֶם PROPN _ _ 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of|Ref=1CH_11:18!8|MId=o130110180081 14 בֵּֽית־לֶ֙חֶם֙ בֵּית־לֶחֶם PROPN _ _ 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Bethlehem|Ref=1CH_11:18!9|MId=o130110180091 15 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 18 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=1CH_11:18!10|MId=o130110180101|Strong=0834|Type=relative 16-18 בַּשַּׁ֔עַר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=[was].at|Ref=1CH_11:18!11|MId=o130110180111|Strong=0871a 17 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1CH_11:18!11|MId=o130110180111ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 שַּׁ֔עַר שַׁעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 acl:relcl _ Gloss=gate|Ref=1CH_11:18!11|MId=o130110180112|Strong=8179 19-20 וַיִּשְׂא֖וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_11:18!12|MId=o130110180121|Strong=2050b 20 יִּשְׂא֖וּ נָשָׂא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.carried.[them]|Ref=1CH_11:18!12|MId=o130110180122|Strong=5375|Frame=A0:130110180022;A1:130110180061;|Type=wayyiqtol 21-22 וַיָּבִ֣אוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_11:18!13|MId=o130110180131|Strong=2050b 22 יָּבִ֣אוּ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.brought.[them]|Ref=1CH_11:18!13|MId=o130110180132|Strong=0935|Frame=AA:130110180022;A0:130110180061;|Type=wayyiqtol 23 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1CH_11:18!14|MId=o130110180141|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 24 דָּוִ֑יד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 22 obl _ Gloss=David|Ref=1CH_11:18!15|MId=o130110180151|Strong=1732 25-26 וְלֹֽא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_11:18!16|MId=o130110180161|Strong=2050b 26 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 27 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=1CH_11:18!16|MId=o130110180162|Strong=3808|Type=negative 27 אָבָ֤ה אָבָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.was.willing|Ref=1CH_11:18!17|MId=o130110180171|Strong=0014|Frame=A0:130110180171;|Type=qatal 28 דָוִיד֙ דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 27 nsubj _ Gloss=David|Ref=1CH_11:18!18|MId=o130110180181|Strong=1732 29-31 לִשְׁתּוֹתָ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1CH_11:18!19|MId=o130110180191|Strong=3807a 30 שְׁתּוֹת שָׁתָה VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 27 xcomp _ Gloss=drink|Ref=1CH_11:18!19|MId=o130110180192|Strong=8354|Frame=A0:130110180171;A1:130110180183;|Type=infinitive_construct 31 ָ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 obj _ Gloss=them|Ref=1CH_11:18!19|MId=o130110180193|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 32-33 וַיְנַסֵּ֥ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 33 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_11:18!20|MId=o130110180201|Strong=2050b 33 יְנַסֵּ֥ךְ נָסַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.poured.out|Ref=1CH_11:18!20|MId=o130110180202|Strong=5258|Frame=A0:130110180171;A1:130110180202;|Type=wayyiqtol 34-35 אֹתָ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=|Ref=1CH_11:18!21|MId=o130110180211|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 35 ָ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 obj _ Gloss=them|Ref=1CH_11:18!21|MId=o130110180212|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 36-37 לַיהוָֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 37 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1CH_11:18!22|MId=o130110180221|Strong=3807a 37 יהוָֽה יהוה PROPN _ _ 33 obl _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=1CH_11:18!22|MId=o130110180222|Strong=3068 38 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 37 punct _ Ref=1CH_11:18!22 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּבְקְעוּ *they broke through* | wayyiqtol · qal | שְּׁלֹשָׁה *three* | | | | | יִּֽשְׁאֲבוּ־ *they drew* | wayyiqtol · qal | שְּׁלֹשָׁה *three* | מַיִם *water* | | | | יִּשְׂאוּ *they carried \[them\]* | wayyiqtol · qal | שְּׁלֹשָׁה *three* | מַיִם *water* | | | | יָּבִאוּ *they brought \[them\]* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | מַיִם *water* | | | שְּׁלֹשָׁה *three* | | **not** אָבָה *he was willing* | qatal · qal | אָבָה *he was willing* | | | | | שְׁתּוֹת *drink* | infinitive construct · qal | אָבָה *he was willing* | | | | | יְנַסֵּךְ *he poured out* | wayyiqtol · piel | אָבָה *he was willing* | יְנַסֵּךְ *he poured out* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the three broke through the host of the Philistines, and drew water out of the well of Beth-lehem, that was by the gate, and took it, and brought it to David; but David would not drink thereof, but poured it out unto the LORD,](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.490/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1CH:438`. - ← previous: [1 Chronicles 11:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.11.17/) - next →: [1 Chronicles 11:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.11.19/) - ↑ back to [1 Chronicles 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/11/)