--- title: 1 Chronicles 11:19 — and said: 'My God forbid it me, that I should do this; shall I drink… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: and said: 'My God forbid it me, that I should do this; shall I drink the blood of these men that have put their lives in jeopardy? for with the jeopardy of their lives they brought it.' Therefore he would not drink it. These things did the three mighty men. Who acts: God, I, men, lives. 1 Chronicles --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.11.19/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [1 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/) / [chapter 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/11/) / 11:19 # 1 Chronicles 11:19 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים א **Who acts:** God, I, men, lives, things · **What happens:** say, forbid, do, drink, put, bring · **To what, where:** water, me, this, blood, lives, jeopardy · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Chronicles 11:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — God, I, men, lives, things — and what happens in the verse to water, me, this, blood, lives, jeopardy, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 29 chapters of 1 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֡אמֶר חָלִילָה֩ לִּ֨י מֵאֱלֹהַ֜י מֵעֲשׂ֣וֹת זֹ֗את הֲדַ֣ם הָאֲנָשִׁים֩ הָאֵ֨לֶּה אֶשְׁתֶּ֤ה בְנַפְשׁוֹתָם֙ כִּ֣י בְנַפְשׁוֹתָ֣ם הֱבִיא֔וּם וְלֹ֥א אָבָ֖ה לִשְׁתּוֹתָ֑ם אֵ֣לֶּה עָשׂ֔וּ שְׁלֹ֖שֶׁת הַגִּבּוֹרִֽים׃ [and said: 'My God forbid it me, that I should do this; shall I drink the blood of these men that have put their lives in jeopardy? for with the jeopardy of their lives they brought it.' Therefore he would not drink it.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.491/) [These things did the three mighty men.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.492/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1CH:439 # text = וַיֹּ֡אמֶר חָלִילָה֩ לִּ֨י מֵאֱלֹהַ֜י מֵעֲשׂ֣וֹת זֹ֗את הֲדַ֣ם הָאֲנָשִׁים֩ הָאֵ֨לֶּה אֶשְׁתֶּ֤ה בְנַפְשׁוֹתָם֙ כִּ֣י בְנַפְשׁוֹתָ֣ם הֱבִיא֔וּם וְלֹ֥א אָבָ֖ה לִשְׁתּוֹתָ֑ם אֵ֣לֶּה עָשׂ֔וּ שְׁלֹ֖שֶׁת הַגִּבּוֹרִֽים׃ # verse = 1CH.11.19 1-2 וַיֹּ֡אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_11:19!1|MId=o130110190011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֡אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=1CH_11:19!1|MId=o130110190012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:130110180171;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 חָלִילָה֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 חָלִיל חָלִילָה INTJ _ _ 4 discourse _ Gloss=far|Ref=1CH_11:19!2|MId=o130110190021|Strong=2486|Type=interjection 4 ָה֩ ה X _ _ 2 ccomp _ Gloss=be.it|Ref=1CH_11:19!2|MId=o130110190022|Strong=1886c|Type=paragogic_he 5-6 לִּ֨י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 לּ לְ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1CH_11:19!3|MId=o130110190031|Strong=3807a 6 ִ֨י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 4 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=1CH_11:19!3|MId=o130110190032|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 7-9 מֵאֱלֹהַ֜י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=1CH_11:19!4|MId=o130110190041|Strong=4480 8 אֱלֹה אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 obl _ Gloss=God|Ref=1CH_11:19!4|MId=o130110190042|Strong=0430 9 ַ֜י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1CH_11:19!4|MId=o130110190043|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 10-11 מֵעֲשׂ֣וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=1CH_11:19!5|MId=o130110190051|Strong=4480 11 עֲשׂ֣וֹת עָשָׂה VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 4 advcl _ Gloss=doing|Ref=1CH_11:19!5|MId=o130110190052|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:130110180171;A1:130110190061;|Type=infinitive_construct 12 זֹ֗את זֹאת PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 11 obj _ Gloss=this.[thing]|Ref=1CH_11:19!6|MId=o130110190061|Strong=2063|Type=demonstrative 13-14 הֲדַ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הֲ הֲ PART _ _ 19 advmod _ Gloss=the|Ref=1CH_11:19!7|MId=o130110190071|Strong=1886b|Type=interrogative 14 דַ֣ם דָּם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 obj _ Gloss=blood?|Ref=1CH_11:19!7|MId=o130110190072|Strong=1818 15-16 הָאֲנָשִׁים֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=1CH_11:19!8|MId=o130110190081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 אֲנָשִׁים֩ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.men|Ref=1CH_11:19!8|MId=o130110190082|Strong=0376 17-18 הָאֵ֨לֶּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1CH_11:19!9|MId=o130110190091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 אֵ֨לֶּה אֵלֶּה DET _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 16 det _ Gloss=these|Ref=1CH_11:19!9|MId=o130110190092|Strong=0428|Type=demonstrative 19 אֶשְׁתֶּ֤ה שָׁתָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 4 parataxis _ Gloss=will.I.drink|Ref=1CH_11:19!10|MId=o130110190101|Strong=8354|Frame=A0:130110180171;A1:130110190072;|Type=yiqtol 20-22 בְנַפְשׁוֹתָם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=1CH_11:19!11|MId=o130110190111|Strong=0871a 21 נַפְשׁוֹת נֶפֶשׁ NOUN _ Number=Plur 19 obl _ Gloss=lives|Ref=1CH_11:19!11|MId=o130110190112|Strong=5315 22 ָם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=1CH_11:19!11|MId=o130110190113|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 23 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 27 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=1CH_11:19!12|MId=o130110190121|Strong=3588 24-26 בְנַפְשׁוֹתָ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=1CH_11:19!13|MId=o130110190131|Strong=0871a 25 נַפְשׁוֹת נֶפֶשׁ NOUN _ Number=Plur 27 obl _ Gloss=lives|Ref=1CH_11:19!13|MId=o130110190132|Strong=5315 26 ָ֣ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=1CH_11:19!13|MId=o130110190133|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 27-28 הֱבִיא֔וּם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 הֱבִיא֔וּ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 4 advcl _ Gloss=they|Ref=1CH_11:19!14|MId=o130110190141|Strong=0935|Frame=AA:130110190082;A0:130110190142;|Type=qatal 28 ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 obj _ Gloss=brought.them|Ref=1CH_11:19!14|MId=o130110190142|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 29-30 וְלֹ֥א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 31 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_11:19!15|MId=o130110190151|Strong=2050b 30 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 31 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=1CH_11:19!15|MId=o130110190152|Strong=3808|Type=negative 31 אָבָ֖ה אָבָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=he.was.willing|Ref=1CH_11:19!16|MId=o130110190161|Strong=0014|Frame=A0:130110180171;|Type=qatal 32-34 לִשְׁתּוֹתָ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1CH_11:19!17|MId=o130110190171|Strong=3807a 33 שְׁתּוֹת שָׁתָה VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 31 xcomp _ Gloss=drink|Ref=1CH_11:19!17|MId=o130110190172|Strong=8354|Frame=A0:130110180171;A1:130110190173;|Type=infinitive_construct 34 ָ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 obj _ Gloss=them|Ref=1CH_11:19!17|MId=o130110190173|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 35 אֵ֣לֶּה אֵלֶּה PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 36 obj _ Gloss=these.[things]|Ref=1CH_11:19!18|MId=o130110190181|Strong=0428|Type=demonstrative 36 עָשׂ֔וּ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 4 parataxis _ Gloss=they.did|Ref=1CH_11:19!19|MId=o130110190191|Strong=6213|Frame=A1:130110190181;A0:130110190212;|Type=qatal 37 שְׁלֹ֖שֶׁת שָׁלֹשׁ NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 39 nummod _ Gloss=the.three|Ref=1CH_11:19!20|MId=o130110190201|Strong=7969|Type=cardinal_number 38-39 הַגִּבּוֹרִֽים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 39 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1CH_11:19!21|MId=o130110190211|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 39 גִּבּוֹרִֽים גִּבּוֹר ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 36 nsubj _ Gloss=warriors|Ref=1CH_11:19!21|MId=o130110190212|Strong=1368|Type=adjective 40 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 39 punct _ Ref=1CH_11:19!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | עֲשׂוֹת *doing* | infinitive construct · qal | | זֹאת *this \[thing\]* | | | | אֶשְׁתֶּה *will I drink* | yiqtol · qal | | דַם *blood?* | | | | הֱבִיאוּ *they* | qatal · hiphil | ם *brought them* | | | אֲנָשִׁים *the men* | | **not** אָבָה *he was willing* | qatal · qal | | | | | | שְׁתּוֹת *drink* | infinitive construct · qal | | ָם *them* | | | | עָשׂוּ *they did* | qatal · qal | גִּבּוֹרִֽים *warriors* | אֵלֶּה *these \[things\]* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [and said: 'My God forbid it me, that I should do this; shall I drink the blood of these men that have put their lives in jeopardy? for with the jeopardy of their lives they brought it.' Therefore he would not drink it.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.491/) 2. [These things did the three mighty men.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.492/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1CH:439`. - ← previous: [1 Chronicles 11:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.11.18/) - next →: [1 Chronicles 11:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.11.20/) - ↑ back to [1 Chronicles 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/11/)