--- title: 1 Chronicles 12:20 — Of Manasseh also there fell away some to David, when he came with th… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Of Manasseh also there fell away some to David, when he came with the Philistines against Saul to battle, but they helped them not; for the lords of the Philistines upon advisement sent him away, saying: 'He will fall away to his master Saul to the jeopardy of our heads.' Who acts: some, David, Phil --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.12.20/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [1 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/) / [chapter 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/12/) / 12:20 # 1 Chronicles 12:20 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים א **Who acts:** some, David, Philistines, lords · **What happens:** fall away, come, battle, not help, send away, say · **To what, where:** David, Saul, peace · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Chronicles 12:20 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — some, David, Philistines, lords — and what happens in the verse to David, Saul, peace, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 29 chapters of 1 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וּמִֽמְּנַשֶּׁ֞ה נָפְל֣וּ עַל־דָּוִ֗יד בְּבֹא֨וֹ עִם־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֧ים עַל־שָׁא֛וּל לַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה וְלֹ֣א עֲזָרֻ֑ם כִּ֣י בְעֵצָ֗ה שִׁלְּחֻ֜הוּ סַרְנֵ֤י פְלִשְׁתִּים֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר בְּרָאשֵׁ֕ינוּ יִפּ֖וֹל אֶל־אֲדֹנָ֥יו שָׁאֽוּל׃ [Of Manasseh also there fell away some to David, when he came with the Philistines against Saul to battle, but they helped them not; for the lords of the Philistines upon advisement sent him away, saying: 'He will fall away to his master Saul to the jeopardy of our heads.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.540/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1CH:487 # text = וּמִֽמְּנַשֶּׁ֞ה נָפְל֣וּ עַל־דָּוִ֗יד בְּבֹא֨וֹ עִם־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֧ים עַל־שָׁא֛וּל לַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה וְלֹ֣א עֲזָרֻ֑ם כִּ֣י בְעֵצָ֗ה שִׁלְּחֻ֜הוּ סַרְנֵ֤י פְלִשְׁתִּים֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר בְּרָאשֵׁ֕ינוּ יִפּ֖וֹל אֶל־אֲדֹנָ֥יו שָׁאֽוּל׃ # verse = 1CH.12.20 1-3 וּמִֽמְּנַשֶּׁ֞ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 4 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_12:20!1|MId=o130120200011|Strong=2050b 2 מִֽ מִן ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=some|Ref=1CH_12:20!1|MId=o130120200012|Strong=4480 3 מְּנַשֶּׁ֞ה מְנַשֶּׁה PROPN _ _ 4 nsubj _ Gloss=of.Manasseh|Ref=1CH_12:20!1|MId=o130120200013|Strong=4519 4 נָפְל֣וּ נָפַל VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.fell|Ref=1CH_12:20!2|MId=o130120200021|Strong=5307|Frame=A0:130120200013;|Type=qatal 5 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1CH_12:20!3|MId=o130120200031|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 6 דָּוִ֗יד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 4 obl _ Gloss=David|Ref=1CH_12:20!4|MId=o130120200041|Strong=1732 7-9 בְּבֹא֨וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=when|Ref=1CH_12:20!5|MId=o130120200051|Strong=0871a 8 בֹא בּוֹא VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 4 advcl _ Gloss=went|Ref=1CH_12:20!5|MId=o130120200052|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:130120200053;|Type=infinitive_construct 9 ֨וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=1CH_12:20!5|MId=o130120200053|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 10 עִם־ עִם ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=1CH_12:20!6|MId=o130120200061|Strong=5973|SpaceAfter=No 11 פְּלִשְׁתִּ֧ים פְּלִשְׁתִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 8 obl _ Gloss=[the].Philistines|Ref=1CH_12:20!7|MId=o130120200071|Strong=6430|Type=gentilic 12 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1CH_12:20!8|MId=o130120200081|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 13 שָׁא֛וּל שָׁאוּל PROPN _ _ 8 obl _ Gloss=Saul|Ref=1CH_12:20!9|MId=o130120200091|Strong=7586 14-16 לַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=1CH_12:20!10|MId=o130120200101|Strong=3807a 15 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1CH_12:20!10|MId=o130120200101ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 מִּלְחָמָ֖ה מִלְחָמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 8 obl _ Gloss=battle|Ref=1CH_12:20!10|MId=o130120200102|Strong=4421 17-18 וְלֹ֣א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_12:20!11|MId=o130120200111|Strong=2050b 18 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 19 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=1CH_12:20!11|MId=o130120200112|Strong=3808|Type=negative 19-20 עֲזָרֻ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 עֲזָרֻ֑ עָזַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=they|Ref=1CH_12:20!12|MId=o130120200121|Strong=5826|Frame=A0:130120200041;130110250072;130110260012;130120010022;130120090081;130120170031;130120200013;A1:130120200122;|Type=qatal 20 ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 obj _ Gloss=helped.them|Ref=1CH_12:20!12|MId=o130120200122|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 21 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 24 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=1CH_12:20!13|MId=o130120200131|Strong=3588 22-23 בְעֵצָ֗ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=1CH_12:20!14|MId=o130120200141|Strong=0871a 23 עֵצָ֗ה עֵצָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 24 obl _ Gloss=plan|Ref=1CH_12:20!14|MId=o130120200142|Strong=6098 24-25 שִׁלְּחֻ֜הוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 שִׁלְּחֻ֜ שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 4 advcl _ Gloss=they|Ref=1CH_12:20!15|MId=o130120200151|Strong=7971|Frame=A1:130120200152;A0:130120200161;|Type=qatal 25 הוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 obj _ Gloss=sent.him.away|Ref=1CH_12:20!15|MId=o130120200152|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 26 סַרְנֵ֤י סֶרֶן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 24 nsubj _ Gloss=the.rulers|Ref=1CH_12:20!16|MId=o130120200161|Strong=5633 27 פְלִשְׁתִּים֙ פְּלִשְׁתִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 26 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.[the].Philistines|Ref=1CH_12:20!17|MId=o130120200171|Strong=6430|Type=gentilic 28-29 לֵאמֹ֔ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 33 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=1CH_12:20!18|MId=o130120200181|Strong=3807a 29 אמֹ֔ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 28 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=1CH_12:20!18|MId=o130120200182|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:130120200161;|Type=infinitive_construct 30-32 בְּרָאשֵׁ֕ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=1CH_12:20!19|MId=o130120200191|Strong=0871a 31 רָאשֵׁ֕י רֹאשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 33 obl _ Gloss=heads|Ref=1CH_12:20!19|MId=o130120200192|Strong=7218 32 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 31 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=1CH_12:20!19|MId=o130120200193|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 33 יִפּ֖וֹל נָפַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 24 advcl _ Gloss=he.will.fall|Ref=1CH_12:20!20|MId=o130120200201|Strong=5307|Frame=A0:130120200041;|Type=yiqtol 34 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1CH_12:20!21|MId=o130120200211|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 35-36 אֲדֹנָ֥יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 אֲדֹנָ֥י אָדוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 33 obl _ Gloss=lord(s)|Ref=1CH_12:20!22|MId=o130120200221|Strong=0113 36 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1CH_12:20!22|MId=o130120200222|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 37 שָׁאֽוּל שָׁאוּל PROPN _ _ 35 appos _ Gloss=Saul|Ref=1CH_12:20!23|MId=o130120200231|Strong=7586|SpaceAfter=No 38 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 37 punct _ Ref=1CH_12:20!23 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | נָפְלוּ *they fell* | qatal · qal | מְּנַשֶּׁה *of Manasseh* | | | | | בֹא *went* | infinitive construct · qal | וֹ *he* | | | | | **not** עֲזָרֻ *they* | qatal · qal | דָּוִיד *David* + מְּנַשֶּׁה *of Manasseh* | ם *helped them* | | | | שִׁלְּחֻ *they* | qatal · piel | סַרְנֵי *the rulers* | הוּ *sent him away* | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | סַרְנֵי *the rulers* | | | | | יִפּוֹל *he will fall* | yiqtol · qal | דָּוִיד *David* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Of Manasseh also there fell away some to David, when he came with the Philistines against Saul to battle, but they helped them not; for the lords of the Philistines upon advisement sent him away, saying: 'He will fall away to his master Saul to the jeopardy of our heads.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.540/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1CH:487`. - ← previous: [1 Chronicles 12:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.12.19/) - next →: [1 Chronicles 12:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.12.21/) - ↑ back to [1 Chronicles 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/12/)