--- title: 1 Chronicles 12:22 — And they helped David against the troop, for they were all mighty me… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And they helped David against the troop, for they were all mighty men of valour, and were captains in the host. Who acts: Adnah. 1 Chronicles 12:22 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.12.22/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [1 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/) / [chapter 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/12/) / 12:22 # 1 Chronicles 12:22 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים א **Who acts:** Adnah · **What happens:** help, be · **To what, where:** David, mighty men, captains, host This is 1 Chronicles 12:22 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Adnah — and what happens in the verse to David, mighty men, captains, host, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 29 chapters of 1 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְהֵ֗מָּה עָזְר֤וּ עִם־דָּוִיד֙ עַֽל־הַגְּד֔וּד כִּֽי־גִבּ֥וֹרֵי חַ֖יִל כֻּלָּ֑ם וַיִּהְי֥וּ שָׂרִ֖ים בַּצָּבָֽא׃ [And they helped David against the troop, for they were all mighty men of valour, and were captains in the host.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.542/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1CH:489 # text = וְהֵ֗מָּה עָזְר֤וּ עִם־דָּוִיד֙ עַֽל־הַגְּד֔וּד כִּֽי־גִבּ֥וֹרֵי חַ֖יִל כֻּלָּ֑ם וַיִּהְי֥וּ שָׂרִ֖ים בַּצָּבָֽא׃ # verse = 1CH.12.22 1-2 וְהֵ֗מָּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 3 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_12:22!1|MId=o130120220011|Strong=2050b 2 הֵ֗מָּה הֵמָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ Gloss=they|Ref=1CH_12:22!1|MId=o130120220012|Strong=1992|Type=personal 3 עָזְר֤וּ עָזַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.helped|Ref=1CH_12:22!2|MId=o130120220021|Strong=5826|Frame=A0:130120220012;|Type=qatal 4 עִם־ עִם ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=1CH_12:22!3|MId=o130120220031|Strong=5973|SpaceAfter=No 5 דָּוִיד֙ דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 3 obl _ Gloss=David|Ref=1CH_12:22!4|MId=o130120220041|Strong=1732 6 עַֽל־ עַל ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1CH_12:22!5|MId=o130120220051|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 7-8 הַגְּד֔וּד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=the.marauding|Ref=1CH_12:22!6|MId=o130120220061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 גְּד֔וּד גְּדוּד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 obl _ Gloss=band[s]|Ref=1CH_12:22!6|MId=o130120220062|Strong=1416 9 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 10 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=1CH_12:22!7|MId=o130120220071|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 10 גִבּ֥וֹרֵי גִּבּוֹר ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 advcl _ Gloss=[were].mighty.[men]|Ref=1CH_12:22!8|MId=o130120220081|Strong=1368|Type=adjective 11 חַ֖יִל חַיִל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.strength|Ref=1CH_12:22!9|MId=o130120220091|Strong=2428 12-13 כֻּלָּ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 כֻּלּ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ Gloss=of.them|Ref=1CH_12:22!10|MId=o130120220101|Strong=3605 13 ָ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ Gloss=all|Ref=1CH_12:22!10|MId=o130120220102|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 14-15 וַיִּהְי֥וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_12:22!11|MId=o130120220111|Strong=2050b 15 יִּהְי֥וּ הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 16 cop _ Gloss=they.were|Ref=1CH_12:22!11|MId=o130120220112|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:130120210071;130120210082;130120210092;130120210102;130120210112;130120210122;130120210132;|Type=wayyiqtol 16 שָׂרִ֖ים שַׂר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 conj _ Gloss=commanders|Ref=1CH_12:22!12|MId=o130120220121|Strong=8269 17-19 בַּצָּבָֽא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1CH_12:22!13|MId=o130120220131|Strong=0871a 18 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1CH_12:22!13|MId=o130120220131ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 צָּבָֽא צָבָא NOUN _ Number=Sing 16 obl _ Gloss=army|Ref=1CH_12:22!13|MId=o130120220132|Strong=6635 20 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 19 punct _ Ref=1CH_12:22!13 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | עָזְרוּ *they helped* | qatal · qal | הֵמָּה *they* | | | | | יִּהְיוּ *they were* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And they helped David against the troop, for they were all mighty men of valour, and were captains in the host.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.542/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1CH:489`. - ← previous: [1 Chronicles 12:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.12.21/) - next →: [1 Chronicles 12:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.12.23/) - ↑ back to [1 Chronicles 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/12/)