--- title: 1 Chronicles 12:40 — And they were there with David three days, eating and drinking; for… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And they were there with David three days, eating and drinking; for their brethren had made preparation for them. Who acts: men, brethren. 1 Chronicles 12:40 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.12.40/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [1 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/) / [chapter 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/12/) / 12:40 # 1 Chronicles 12:40 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים א **Who acts:** men, brethren · **What happens:** be, eat, drink, make · **To what, where:** preparation This is 1 Chronicles 12:40 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — men, brethren — and what happens in the verse to preparation, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 29 chapters of 1 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּהְיוּ־שָׁ֤ם עִם־דָּוִיד֙ יָמִ֣ים שְׁלוֹשָׁ֔ה אֹכְלִ֖ים וְשׁוֹתִ֑ים כִּֽי־הֵכִ֥ינוּ לָהֶ֖ם אֲחֵיהֶֽם׃ [And they were there with David three days, eating and drinking; for their brethren had made preparation for them.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.560/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1CH:507 # text = וַיִּהְיוּ־שָׁ֤ם עִם־דָּוִיד֙ יָמִ֣ים שְׁלוֹשָׁ֔ה אֹכְלִ֖ים וְשׁוֹתִ֑ים כִּֽי־הֵכִ֥ינוּ לָהֶ֖ם אֲחֵיהֶֽם׃ # verse = 1CH.12.40 1-2 וַיִּהְיוּ־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_12:40!1|MId=o130120400011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּהְיוּ־ הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 8 cop _ Gloss=they.were|Ref=1CH_12:40!1|MId=o130120400012|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:130120390031;130120390191;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 שָׁ֤ם שָׁם ADV _ _ 8 advmod _ Gloss=there|Ref=1CH_12:40!2|MId=o130120400021|Strong=8033 4 עִם־ עִם ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=1CH_12:40!3|MId=o130120400031|Strong=5973|SpaceAfter=No 5 דָּוִיד֙ דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 8 obl _ Gloss=David|Ref=1CH_12:40!4|MId=o130120400041|Strong=1732 6 יָמִ֣ים יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 8 obl _ Gloss=days|Ref=1CH_12:40!5|MId=o130120400051|Strong=3117 7 שְׁלוֹשָׁ֔ה שָׁלֹשׁ NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 nummod _ Gloss=three|Ref=1CH_12:40!6|MId=o130120400061|Strong=7969|Type=cardinal_number 8 אֹכְלִ֖ים אָכַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 0 root _ Gloss=eating|Ref=1CH_12:40!7|MId=o130120400071|Strong=0398|Frame=A0:130120390031;130120390191;|Type=participle_active 9-10 וְשׁוֹתִ֑ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_12:40!8|MId=o130120400081|Strong=2050b 10 שׁוֹתִ֑ים שָׁתָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 8 conj _ Gloss=drinking|Ref=1CH_12:40!8|MId=o130120400082|Strong=8354|Frame=A0:130120390031;130120390191;|Type=participle_active 11 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 12 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=1CH_12:40!9|MId=o130120400091|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 12 הֵכִ֥ינוּ כּוּן VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 8 advcl _ Gloss=they.had.prepared|Ref=1CH_12:40!10|MId=o130120400101|Strong=3559|Frame=A0:130120400121;|Type=qatal 13-14 לָהֶ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 ל לְ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=1CH_12:40!11|MId=o130120400111|Strong=3807a 14 ָהֶ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=1CH_12:40!11|MId=o130120400112|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 15-16 אֲחֵיהֶֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 אֲחֵי אָח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 12 nsubj _ Gloss=relatives|Ref=1CH_12:40!12|MId=o130120400121|Strong=0251 16 הֶֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=1CH_12:40!12|MId=o130120400122|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 17 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 16 punct _ Ref=1CH_12:40!12 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּהְיוּ־ *they were* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | אֹכְלִים *eating* | participle active · qal | | | | | | שׁוֹתִים *drinking* | participle active · qal | | | | | | הֵכִינוּ *they had prepared* | qatal · hiphil | אֲחֵי *relatives* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And they were there with David three days, eating and drinking; for their brethren had made preparation for them.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.560/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1CH:507`. - ← previous: [1 Chronicles 12:39](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.12.39/) - next →: [1 Chronicles 12:41](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.12.41/) - ↑ back to [1 Chronicles 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/12/)