--- title: 1 Chronicles 12:41 — Moreover they that were nigh unto them, even as far as Issachar and… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Moreover they that were nigh unto them, even as far as Issachar and Zebulun and Naphtali, brought bread on asses, and on camels, and on mules, and on oxen, victual of meal, cakes of figs, and clusters of raisins, and wine, and oil, and oxen, and sheep in abundance; for there was joy in Israel. Who a --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.12.41/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [1 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/) / [chapter 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/12/) / 12:41 # 1 Chronicles 12:41 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים א **Who acts:** brethren, joy · **What happens:** be, bring · **To what, where:** bread, asses, Israel This is 1 Chronicles 12:41 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — brethren, joy — and what happens in the verse to bread, asses, Israel, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 29 chapters of 1 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְגַ֣ם הַקְּרֽוֹבִים־אֲ֠לֵיהֶם עַד־יִשָׂשכָ֨ר וּזְבֻל֜וּן וְנַפְתָּלִ֗י מְבִיאִ֣ים לֶ֡חֶם בַּחֲמוֹרִ֣ים וּבַגְּמַלִּ֣ים וּבַפְּרָדִ֣ים ׀ וּֽבַבָּקָ֡ר מַאֲכָ֡ל קֶ֠מַח דְּבֵלִ֨ים וְצִמּוּקִ֧ים וְיַֽיִן־וְשֶׁ֛מֶן וּבָקָ֥ר וְצֹ֖אן לָרֹ֑ב כִּ֥י שִׂמְחָ֖ה בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃פ [Moreover they that were nigh unto them, even as far as Issachar and Zebulun and Naphtali, brought bread on asses, and on camels, and on mules, and on oxen, victual of meal, cakes of figs, and clusters of raisins, and wine, and oil, and oxen, and sheep in abundance; for there was joy in Israel.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.561/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1CH:508 # text = וְגַ֣ם הַקְּרֽוֹבִים־אֲ֠לֵיהֶם עַד־יִשָׂשכָ֨ר וּזְבֻל֜וּן וְנַפְתָּלִ֗י מְבִיאִ֣ים לֶ֡חֶם בַּחֲמוֹרִ֣ים וּבַגְּמַלִּ֣ים וּבַפְּרָדִ֣ים ׀ וּֽבַבָּקָ֡ר מַאֲכָ֡ל קֶ֠מַח דְּבֵלִ֨ים וְצִמּוּקִ֧ים וְיַֽיִן־וְשֶׁ֛מֶן וּבָקָ֥ר וְצֹ֖אן לָרֹ֑ב כִּ֥י שִׂמְחָ֖ה בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃פ # verse = 1CH.12.41 1-2 וְגַ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_12:41!1|MId=o130120410011|Strong=2050b 2 גַ֣ם גַּם ADV _ _ 13 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=1CH_12:41!1|MId=o130120410012|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation 3-4 הַקְּרֽוֹבִים־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the.[people]|Ref=1CH_12:41!2|MId=o130120410021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 קְּרֽוֹבִים־ קָרֹוב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 13 nsubj _ Gloss=near|Ref=1CH_12:41!2|MId=o130120410022|Strong=7138|Type=adjective 5-6 אֲ֠לֵיהֶם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 אֲ֠לֵי אֶל ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1CH_12:41!3|MId=o130120410031|Strong=0413 6 הֶם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nmod _ Gloss=them|Ref=1CH_12:41!3|MId=o130120410032|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 7 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1CH_12:41!4|MId=o130120410041|Strong=5704|SpaceAfter=No 8 יִשָׂשכָ֨ר יִשָּׂשכָר PROPN _ _ 4 nmod _ Gloss=Issachar|Ref=1CH_12:41!5|MId=o130120410051|Strong=3485 9-10 וּזְבֻל֜וּן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_12:41!6|MId=o130120410061|Strong=2050b 10 זְבֻל֜וּן זְבוּלֻן PROPN _ _ 8 conj _ Gloss=Zebulun|Ref=1CH_12:41!6|MId=o130120410062|Strong=2074 11-12 וְנַפְתָּלִ֗י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_12:41!7|MId=o130120410071|Strong=2050b 12 נַפְתָּלִ֗י נַפְתָּלִי PROPN _ _ 8 conj _ Gloss=Naphtali|Ref=1CH_12:41!7|MId=o130120410072|Strong=5321 13 מְבִיאִ֣ים בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur 0 root _ Gloss=[were].bringing|Ref=1CH_12:41!8|MId=o130120410081|Strong=0935|Frame=AA:130120410022;A0:130120410091;|Type=participle_active 14 לֶ֡חֶם לֶחֶם NOUN _ Number=Sing 13 obj _ Gloss=food|Ref=1CH_12:41!9|MId=o130120410091|Strong=3899 15-17 בַּחֲמוֹרִ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1CH_12:41!10|MId=o130120410101|Strong=0871a 16 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1CH_12:41!10|MId=o130120410101ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 17 חֲמוֹרִ֣ים חֲמוֹר NOUN _ Number=Plur 13 obl _ Gloss=donkeys|Ref=1CH_12:41!10|MId=o130120410102|Strong=2543 18-21 וּבַגְּמַלִּ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_12:41!11|MId=o130120410111|Strong=2050b 19 בַ בְּ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1CH_12:41!11|MId=o130120410112|Strong=0871a 20 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 21 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1CH_12:41!11|MId=o130120410112ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 21 גְּמַלִּ֣ים גָּמָל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 17 conj _ Gloss=camels|Ref=1CH_12:41!11|MId=o130120410113|Strong=1581 22-25 וּבַפְּרָדִ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_12:41!12|MId=o130120410121|Strong=2050b 23 בַ בְּ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1CH_12:41!12|MId=o130120410122|Strong=0871a 24 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 25 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1CH_12:41!12|MId=o130120410122ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 25 פְּרָדִ֣ים פֶּרֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 17 conj _ Gloss=mules|Ref=1CH_12:41!12|MId=o130120410123|Strong=6505 26 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 25 punct _ Ref=1CH_12:41!12 27-30 וּֽבַבָּקָ֡ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וּֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 30 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_12:41!13|MId=o130120410131|Strong=2050b 28 בַ בְּ ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1CH_12:41!13|MId=o130120410132|Strong=0871a 29 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 30 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1CH_12:41!13|MId=o130120410132ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 30 בָּקָ֡ר בָּקָר NOUN _ Number=Sing 17 conj _ Gloss=ox[en]|Ref=1CH_12:41!13|MId=o130120410133|Strong=1241 31 מַאֲכָ֡ל מַאֲכָל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 45 nsubj _ Gloss=food|Ref=1CH_12:41!14|MId=o130120410141|Strong=3978 32 קֶ֠מַח קֶמַח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 31 appos _ Gloss=flour|Ref=1CH_12:41!15|MId=o130120410151|Strong=7058 33 דְּבֵלִ֨ים דְּבֵלָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 31 conj _ Gloss=fig.cakes|Ref=1CH_12:41!16|MId=o130120410161|Strong=1690 34-35 וְצִמּוּקִ֧ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 35 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_12:41!17|MId=o130120410171|Strong=2050b 35 צִמּוּקִ֧ים צִמּוּקִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 31 conj _ Gloss=bunches.of.raisins|Ref=1CH_12:41!17|MId=o130120410172|Strong=6778 36-37 וְיַֽיִן־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 37 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_12:41!18|MId=o130120410181|Strong=2050b 37 יַֽיִן־ יַיִן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 31 conj _ Gloss=wine|Ref=1CH_12:41!18|MId=o130120410182|Strong=3196 38-39 וְשֶׁ֛מֶן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 39 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_12:41!19|MId=o130120410191|Strong=2050b 39 שֶׁ֛מֶן שֶׁמֶן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 31 conj _ Gloss=oil|Ref=1CH_12:41!19|MId=o130120410192|Strong=8081 40-41 וּבָקָ֥ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 40 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 41 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_12:41!20|MId=o130120410201|Strong=2050b 41 בָקָ֥ר בָּקָר NOUN _ Number=Sing 31 conj _ Gloss=ox[en]|Ref=1CH_12:41!20|MId=o130120410202|Strong=1241 42-43 וְצֹ֖אן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 42 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 43 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_12:41!21|MId=o130120410211|Strong=2050b 43 צֹ֖אן צֹאן NOUN _ Number=Sing 31 conj _ Gloss=sheep|Ref=1CH_12:41!21|MId=o130120410212|Strong=6629 44-45 לָרֹ֑ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 44 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 45 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1CH_12:41!22|MId=o130120410221|Strong=3807a 45 רֹ֑ב רֹב NOUN _ Number=Sing 13 parataxis _ Gloss=abundance|Ref=1CH_12:41!22|MId=o130120410222|Strong=7230 46 כִּ֥י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 49 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=1CH_12:41!23|MId=o130120410231|Strong=3588 47 שִׂמְחָ֖ה שִׂמְחָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 49 nsubj _ Gloss=joy|Ref=1CH_12:41!24|MId=o130120410241|Strong=8057 48-49 בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 48 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 49 case _ Gloss=[was].in|Ref=1CH_12:41!25|MId=o130120410251|Strong=0871a 49 יִשְׂרָאֵֽל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 13 advcl _ Gloss=Israel|Ref=1CH_12:41!25|MId=o130120410252|Strong=3478 50 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 49 punct _ Ref=1CH_12:41!25|SpaceAfter=No 51 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 49 punct _ Ref=1CH_12:41!25 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | מְבִיאִים *\[were\] bringing* | participle active · hiphil | לֶחֶם *food* | | | קְּרֽוֹבִים־ *near* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Moreover they that were nigh unto them, even as far as Issachar and Zebulun and Naphtali, brought bread on asses, and on camels, and on mules, and on oxen, victual of meal, cakes of figs, and clusters of raisins, and wine, and oil, and oxen, and sheep in abundance; for there was joy in Israel.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.561/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1CH:508`. - ← previous: [1 Chronicles 12:40](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.12.40/) - next →: [1 Chronicles 13:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.13.1/) - ↑ back to [1 Chronicles 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/12/)