--- title: 1 Chronicles 14:16 — And David did as God commanded him; and they smote the host of the P… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And David did as God commanded him; and they smote the host of the Philistines from Gibeon even to Gezer. Who acts: David, God, Philistines. 1 Chronicles 14:16 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.14.16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [1 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/) / [chapter 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/14/) / 14:16 # 1 Chronicles 14:16 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים א **Who acts:** David, God, Philistines · **What happens:** do, command, smite · **To what, where:** David, host, Gezer, Gibeon · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Chronicles 14:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, God, Philistines — and what happens in the verse to David, host, Gezer, Gibeon, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 29 chapters of 1 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיַּ֣עַשׂ דָּוִ֔יד כַּֽאֲשֶׁ֥ר צִוָּ֖הוּ הָֽאֱלֹהִ֑ים וַיַּכּוּ֙ אֶת־מַחֲנֵ֣ה פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים מִגִּבְע֖וֹן וְעַד־גָּֽזְרָה׃ [And David did as God commanded him; and they smote the host of the Philistines from Gibeon even to Gezer.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.591/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1CH:538 # text = וַיַּ֣עַשׂ דָּוִ֔יד כַּֽאֲשֶׁ֥ר צִוָּ֖הוּ הָֽאֱלֹהִ֑ים וַיַּכּוּ֙ אֶת־מַחֲנֵ֣ה פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים מִגִּבְע֖וֹן וְעַד־גָּֽזְרָה׃ # verse = 1CH.14.16 1-2 וַיַּ֣עַשׂ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_14:16!1|MId=o130140160011|Strong=2050b 2 יַּ֣עַשׂ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.did|Ref=1CH_14:16!1|MId=o130140160012|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:130140160021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 דָּוִ֔יד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=David|Ref=1CH_14:16!2|MId=o130140160021|Strong=1732 4-5 כַּֽאֲשֶׁ֥ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 כַּֽ כְּ ADP _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=just|Ref=1CH_14:16!3|MId=o130140160031|Strong=3509a 5 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 6 mark _ Gloss=as|Ref=1CH_14:16!3|MId=o130140160032|Strong=0834|Type=relative 6-7 צִוָּ֖הוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 צִוָּ֖ צָוָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he|Ref=1CH_14:16!4|MId=o130140160041|Strong=6680|Frame=A1:130140160042;A0:130140160052;|Type=qatal 7 הוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 obj _ Gloss=had.commanded.him|Ref=1CH_14:16!4|MId=o130140160042|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 8-9 הָֽאֱלֹהִ֑ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הָֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1CH_14:16!5|MId=o130140160051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 אֱלֹהִ֑ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 6 nsubj _ Gloss=God|Ref=1CH_14:16!5|MId=o130140160052|Strong=0430 10-11 וַיַּכּוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_14:16!6|MId=o130140160061|Strong=2050b 11 יַּכּוּ֙ נָכָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.defeated|Ref=1CH_14:16!6|MId=o130140160062|Strong=5221|Frame=A0:;A1:130140160081;|Type=wayyiqtol 12 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1CH_14:16!7|MId=o130140160071|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 13 מַחֲנֵ֣ה מַחֲנֶה NOUN _ Number=Sing 11 obj _ Gloss=the.camp|Ref=1CH_14:16!8|MId=o130140160081|Strong=4264 14 פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים פְּלִשְׁתִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.[the].Philistines|Ref=1CH_14:16!9|MId=o130140160091|Strong=6430|Type=gentilic 15-16 מִגִּבְע֖וֹן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=1CH_14:16!10|MId=o130140160101|Strong=4480 16 גִּבְע֖וֹן גִּבְעוֹן PROPN _ _ 11 obl _ Gloss=Gibeon|Ref=1CH_14:16!10|MId=o130140160102|Strong=1391 17-18 וְעַד־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_14:16!11|MId=o130140160111|Strong=2050b 18 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1CH_14:16!11|MId=o130140160112|Strong=5704 19-20 גָּֽזְרָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 גָּֽזְר גֶּזֶר PROPN _ _ 16 conj _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=1CH_14:16!12|MId=o130140160121|Strong=1507 20 ָה ה X _ _ 19 nmod _ Gloss=Gezer|Ref=1CH_14:16!12|MId=o130140160122|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 21 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 20 punct _ Ref=1CH_14:16!12 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יַּעַשׂ *he did* | wayyiqtol · qal | דָּוִיד *David* | | | | | צִוָּ *he* | qatal · piel | אֱלֹהִים *God* | הוּ *had commanded him* | | | | יַּכּוּ *they defeated* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | | מַחֲנֵה *the camp* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And David did as God commanded him; and they smote the host of the Philistines from Gibeon even to Gezer.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.591/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1CH:538`. - ← previous: [1 Chronicles 14:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.14.15/) - next →: [1 Chronicles 14:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.14.17/) - ↑ back to [1 Chronicles 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/14/)