--- title: 1 Chronicles 18:4 — And David took from him a thousand chariots, and seven thousand hors… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And David took from him a thousand chariots, and seven thousand horsemen, and twenty thousand footmen; and David houghed all the chariot horses, but reserved of them for a hundred chariots. Who acts: David. 1 Chronicles 18:4 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every cl --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.18.4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [1 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/18/) / 18:4 # 1 Chronicles 18:4 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים א **Who acts:** David · **What happens:** take, hough, reserve · **To what, where:** thousand chariots, chariot horses This is 1 Chronicles 18:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David — and what happens in the verse to thousand chariots, chariot horses, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 29 chapters of 1 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּלְכֹּד֩ דָּוִ֨יד מִמֶּ֜נּוּ אֶ֣לֶף רֶ֗כֶב וְשִׁבְעַ֤ת אֲלָפִים֙ פָּֽרָשִׁ֔ים וְעֶשְׂרִ֥ים אֶ֖לֶף אִ֣ישׁ רַגְלִ֑י וַיְעַקֵּ֤ר דָּוִיד֙ אֶת־כָּל־הָרֶ֔כֶב וַיּוֹתֵ֥ר מִמֶּ֖נּוּ מֵ֥אָה רָֽכֶב׃ [And David took from him a thousand chariots, and seven thousand horsemen, and twenty thousand footmen; and David houghed all the chariot horses, but reserved of them for a hundred chariots.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.697/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1CH:642 # text = וַיִּלְכֹּד֩ דָּוִ֨יד מִמֶּ֜נּוּ אֶ֣לֶף רֶ֗כֶב וְשִׁבְעַ֤ת אֲלָפִים֙ פָּֽרָשִׁ֔ים וְעֶשְׂרִ֥ים אֶ֖לֶף אִ֣ישׁ רַגְלִ֑י וַיְעַקֵּ֤ר דָּוִיד֙ אֶת־כָּל־הָרֶ֔כֶב וַיּוֹתֵ֥ר מִמֶּ֖נּוּ מֵ֥אָה רָֽכֶב׃ # verse = 1CH.18.4 1-2 וַיִּלְכֹּד֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_18:4!1|MId=o130180040011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּלְכֹּד֩ לָכַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.captured|Ref=1CH_18:4!1|MId=o130180040012|Strong=3920|Frame=A0:130180040021;A1:130180040051;130180040081;130180040111;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 דָּוִ֨יד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=David|Ref=1CH_18:4!2|MId=o130180040021|Strong=1732 4-5 מִמֶּ֜נּוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 מִמּ מִן ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=1CH_18:4!3|MId=o130180040031|Strong=4480 5 ֶ֜נּוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=1CH_18:4!3|MId=o130180040032|Strong=5105b|Type=pronominal 6 אֶ֣לֶף אֶלֶף NUM _ Number=Sing 7 nummod _ Gloss=one.thousand|Ref=1CH_18:4!4|MId=o130180040041|Strong=0505|Type=cardinal_number 7 רֶ֗כֶב רֶכֶב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=chariot[s]|Ref=1CH_18:4!5|MId=o130180040051|Strong=7393 8-9 וְשִׁבְעַ֤ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_18:4!6|MId=o130180040061|Strong=2050b 9 שִׁבְעַ֤ת שֶׁבַע NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 nummod _ Gloss=seven|Ref=1CH_18:4!6|MId=o130180040062|Strong=7651|Type=cardinal_number 10 אֲלָפִים֙ אֶלֶף NUM _ Number=Plur 9 flat _ Gloss=thousand(s)|Ref=1CH_18:4!7|MId=o130180040071|Strong=0505|Type=cardinal_number 11 פָּֽרָשִׁ֔ים פָּרָשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7 conj _ Gloss=horsemen|Ref=1CH_18:4!8|MId=o130180040081|Strong=6571 12-13 וְעֶשְׂרִ֥ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_18:4!9|MId=o130180040091|Strong=2050b 13 עֶשְׂרִ֥ים עֶשְׂרִים NUM _ Number=Plur 15 nummod _ Gloss=twenty|Ref=1CH_18:4!9|MId=o130180040092|Strong=6242|Type=cardinal_number 14 אֶ֖לֶף אֶלֶף NUM _ Number=Sing 13 flat _ Gloss=thousand|Ref=1CH_18:4!10|MId=o130180040101|Strong=0505|Type=cardinal_number 15 אִ֣ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 conj _ Gloss=man|Ref=1CH_18:4!11|MId=o130180040111|Strong=0376 16 רַגְלִ֑י רַגְלִי ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 amod _ Gloss=on.foot|Ref=1CH_18:4!12|MId=o130180040121|Strong=7273|Type=adjective 17-18 וַיְעַקֵּ֤ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_18:4!13|MId=o130180040131|Strong=2050b 18 יְעַקֵּ֤ר עִקֵּר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.hamstrung|Ref=1CH_18:4!13|MId=o130180040132|Strong=6131|Frame=A0:130180040141;A1:130180040172;|Type=wayyiqtol 19 דָּוִיד֙ דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 18 nsubj _ Gloss=David|Ref=1CH_18:4!14|MId=o130180040141|Strong=1732 20 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1CH_18:4!15|MId=o130180040151|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 21 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 obj _ Gloss=all|Ref=1CH_18:4!16|MId=o130180040161|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 22-23 הָרֶ֔כֶב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 23 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1CH_18:4!17|MId=o130180040171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 23 רֶ֔כֶב רֶכֶב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 compound:smixut _ Gloss=chariotry|Ref=1CH_18:4!17|MId=o130180040172|Strong=7393 24-25 וַיּוֹתֵ֥ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_18:4!18|MId=o130180040181|Strong=2050b 25 יּוֹתֵ֥ר יָתַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.left|Ref=1CH_18:4!18|MId=o130180040182|Strong=3498|Frame=AA:130180040141;A0:130180040211;|Type=wayyiqtol 26-27 מִמֶּ֖נּוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 מִמּ מִן ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=1CH_18:4!19|MId=o130180040191|Strong=4480 27 ֶ֖נּוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 25 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=1CH_18:4!19|MId=o130180040192|Strong=5105b|Type=pronominal 28 מֵ֥אָה מֵאָה NUM _ Number=Sing 29 nummod _ Gloss=one.hundred|Ref=1CH_18:4!20|MId=o130180040201|Strong=3967|Type=cardinal_number 29 רָֽכֶב רֶכֶב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 obj _ Gloss=chariot[s]|Ref=1CH_18:4!21|MId=o130180040211|Strong=7393|SpaceAfter=No 30 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 29 punct _ Ref=1CH_18:4!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: speech with no frame - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּלְכֹּד *he captured* | wayyiqtol · qal | דָּוִיד *David* | רֶכֶב *chariot\[s\]* + פָּֽרָשִׁים *horsemen* + אִישׁ *man* | | | | יְעַקֵּר *he hamstrung* | wayyiqtol · piel | דָּוִיד *David* | רֶכֶב *chariotry* | | | | יּוֹתֵר *he left* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | רָֽכֶב *chariot\[s\]* | | | דָּוִיד *David* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And David took from him a thousand chariots, and seven thousand horsemen, and twenty thousand footmen; and David houghed all the chariot horses, but reserved of them for a hundred chariots.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.697/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1CH:642`. - ← previous: [1 Chronicles 18:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.18.3/) - next →: [1 Chronicles 18:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.18.5/) - ↑ back to [1 Chronicles 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/18/)