--- title: 1 Chronicles 19:10 — Now when Joab saw that the battle was set against him before and beh… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Now when Joab saw that the battle was set against him before and behind, he chose of all the choice men of Israel, and put them in array against the Arameans. Who acts: Joab, king. 1 Chronicles 19:10 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.19.10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [1 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/19/) / 19:10 # 1 Chronicles 19:10 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים א **Who acts:** Joab, king · **What happens:** see, set, choose, put · **To what, where:** battle, Joab, array · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Chronicles 19:10 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Joab, king — and what happens in the verse to battle, Joab, array, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 29 chapters of 1 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיַּ֣רְא יוֹאָ֗ב כִּֽי־הָיְתָ֧ה פְנֵי־הַמִּלְחָמָ֛ה אֵלָ֖יו פָּנִ֣ים וְאָח֑וֹר וַיִּבְחַ֗ר מִכָּל־בָּחוּר֙ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַֽיַּעֲרֹ֖ךְ לִקְרַ֥את אֲרָֽם׃ [Now when Joab saw that the battle was set against him before and behind, he chose of all the choice men of Israel, and put them in array against the Arameans.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.726/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1CH:665 # text = וַיַּ֣רְא יוֹאָ֗ב כִּֽי־הָיְתָ֧ה פְנֵי־הַמִּלְחָמָ֛ה אֵלָ֖יו פָּנִ֣ים וְאָח֑וֹר וַיִּבְחַ֗ר מִכָּל־בָּחוּר֙ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַֽיַּעֲרֹ֖ךְ לִקְרַ֥את אֲרָֽם׃ # verse = 1CH.19.10 1-2 וַיַּ֣רְא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_19:10!1|MId=o130190100011|Strong=2050b 2 יַּ֣רְא רָאָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.saw|Ref=1CH_19:10!1|MId=o130190100012|Strong=7200|Frame=A0:130190100021;A1:130190100041;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 יוֹאָ֗ב יוֹאָב PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Joab|Ref=1CH_19:10!2|MId=o130190100021|Strong=3097 4 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 10 mark _ Gloss=(dm).that|Ref=1CH_19:10!3|MId=o130190100031|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 5 הָיְתָ֧ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 10 cop _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=1CH_19:10!4|MId=o130190100041|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:130190100051;|Type=qatal 6 פְנֵי־ פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 10 nsubj _ Gloss=the.face|Ref=1CH_19:10!5|MId=o130190100051|Strong=6440|SpaceAfter=No 7-8 הַמִּלְחָמָ֛ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=1CH_19:10!6|MId=o130190100061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 מִּלְחָמָ֛ה מִלְחָמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.battle|Ref=1CH_19:10!6|MId=o130190100062|Strong=4421 9-10 אֵלָ֖יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 אֵלָ֖י אֶל ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=against|Ref=1CH_19:10!7|MId=o130190100071|Strong=0413 10 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 ccomp _ Gloss=him|Ref=1CH_19:10!7|MId=o130190100072|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 11 פָּנִ֣ים פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 10 obl _ Gloss=before|Ref=1CH_19:10!8|MId=o130190100081|Strong=6440 12-13 וְאָח֑וֹר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_19:10!9|MId=o130190100091|Strong=2050b 13 אָח֑וֹר אָחוֹר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 conj _ Gloss=behind|Ref=1CH_19:10!9|MId=o130190100092|Strong=0268 14-15 וַיִּבְחַ֗ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_19:10!10|MId=o130190100101|Strong=2050b 15 יִּבְחַ֗ר בָּחַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.chose|Ref=1CH_19:10!10|MId=o130190100102|Strong=0977|Frame=A0:130190100021;|Type=wayyiqtol 16-17 מִכָּל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=1CH_19:10!11|MId=o130190100111|Strong=4480 17 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=every|Ref=1CH_19:10!11|MId=o130190100112|Strong=3605 18 בָּחוּר֙ בָּחוּר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=chosen.[man]|Ref=1CH_19:10!12|MId=o130190100121|Strong=0977|Type=participle_passive 19-20 בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1CH_19:10!13|MId=o130190100131|Strong=0871a 20 יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 17 nmod _ Gloss=Israel|Ref=1CH_19:10!13|MId=o130190100132|Strong=3478 21-22 וַֽיַּעֲרֹ֖ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_19:10!14|MId=o130190100141|Strong=2050b 22 יַּעֲרֹ֖ךְ עָרַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.deployed|Ref=1CH_19:10!14|MId=o130190100142|Strong=6186|Frame=A0:130190100021;A1:130190100121;|Type=wayyiqtol 23-24 לִקְרַ֥את _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1CH_19:10!15|MId=o130190100151|Strong=3807a 24 קְרַ֥את קרא VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 22 advcl _ Gloss=meet|Ref=1CH_19:10!15|MId=o130190100152|Strong=7122|Frame=A0:130190100121;A1:130190100161;|Type=infinitive_construct 25 אֲרָֽם אֲרָם PROPN _ _ 24 obj _ Gloss=Aram|Ref=1CH_19:10!16|MId=o130190100161|Strong=0758|SpaceAfter=No 26 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 25 punct _ Ref=1CH_19:10!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יַּרְא *he saw* | wayyiqtol · qal | יוֹאָב *Joab* | הָיְתָה *it was* | | | | הָיְתָה *it was* | qatal · qal | פְנֵי־ *the face* | | | | | יִּבְחַר *he chose* | wayyiqtol · qal | יוֹאָב *Joab* | | | | | יַּעֲרֹךְ *he deployed* | wayyiqtol · qal | יוֹאָב *Joab* | בָּחוּר *chosen \[man\]* | | | | קְרַאת *meet* | infinitive construct · qal | בָּחוּר *chosen \[man\]* | אֲרָֽם *Aram* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Now when Joab saw that the battle was set against him before and behind, he chose of all the choice men of Israel, and put them in array against the Arameans.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.726/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1CH:665`. - ← previous: [1 Chronicles 19:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.19.9/) - next →: [1 Chronicles 19:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.19.11/) - ↑ back to [1 Chronicles 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/19/)