--- title: 1 Chronicles 19:19 — And when the servants of Hadarezer saw that they were put to the wor… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And when the servants of Hadarezer saw that they were put to the worse before Israel, they made peace with David, and served him; neither would the Arameans help the children of Ammon any more. Who acts: servants, Arameans. 1 Chronicles 19:19 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the prag --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.19.19/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [1 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/19/) / 19:19 # 1 Chronicles 19:19 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים א **Who acts:** servants, Arameans · **What happens:** see, put, make, serve, help · **To what, where:** servants, peace, David, children · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Chronicles 19:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — servants, Arameans — and what happens in the verse to servants, peace, David, children, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 29 chapters of 1 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּרְא֞וּ עַבְדֵ֣י הֲדַדְעֶ֗זֶר כִּ֤י נִגְּפוּ֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיַּשְׁלִ֥ימוּ עִם־דָּוִ֖יד וַיַּֽעַבְדֻ֑הוּ וְלֹא־אָבָ֣ה אֲרָ֔ם לְהוֹשִׁ֥יעַ אֶת־בְּנֵי־עַמּ֖וֹן עֽוֹד׃פ [And when the servants of Hadarezer saw that they were put to the worse before Israel, they made peace with David, and served him; neither would the Arameans help the children of Ammon any more.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.737/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1CH:674 # text = וַיִּרְא֞וּ עַבְדֵ֣י הֲדַדְעֶ֗זֶר כִּ֤י נִגְּפוּ֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיַּשְׁלִ֥ימוּ עִם־דָּוִ֖יד וַיַּֽעַבְדֻ֑הוּ וְלֹא־אָבָ֣ה אֲרָ֔ם לְהוֹשִׁ֥יעַ אֶת־בְּנֵי־עַמּ֖וֹן עֽוֹד׃פ # verse = 1CH.19.19 1-2 וַיִּרְא֞וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_19:19!1|MId=o130190190011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּרְא֞וּ רָאָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.saw|Ref=1CH_19:19!1|MId=o130190190012|Strong=7200|Frame=A0:130190190021;A1:130190190051;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 עַבְדֵ֣י עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Gloss=the.servants|Ref=1CH_19:19!2|MId=o130190190021|Strong=5650 4 הֲדַדְעֶ֗זֶר הֲדַדְעֶזֶר PROPN _ _ 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Hadadezer|Ref=1CH_19:19!3|MId=o130190190031|Strong=1909 5 כִּ֤י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 6 mark _ Gloss=(dm).that|Ref=1CH_19:19!4|MId=o130190190041|Strong=3588 6 נִגְּפוּ֙ נָגַף VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 ccomp _ Gloss=they.had.been.defeated|Ref=1CH_19:19!5|MId=o130190190051|Strong=5062|Frame=A1:130190190021;|Type=qatal 7-8 לִפְנֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=1CH_19:19!6|MId=o130190190061|Strong=3807a 8 פְנֵ֣י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 6 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=1CH_19:19!6|MId=o130190190062|Strong=6440 9 יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Israel|Ref=1CH_19:19!7|MId=o130190190071|Strong=3478 10-11 וַיַּשְׁלִ֥ימוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_19:19!8|MId=o130190190081|Strong=2050b 11 יַּשְׁלִ֥ימוּ שָׁלַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.made.peace|Ref=1CH_19:19!8|MId=o130190190082|Strong=7999|Frame=A0:130190190021;|Type=wayyiqtol 12 עִם־ עִם ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=1CH_19:19!9|MId=o130190190091|Strong=5973|SpaceAfter=No 13 דָּוִ֖יד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 11 obl _ Gloss=David|Ref=1CH_19:19!10|MId=o130190190101|Strong=1732 14-16 וַיַּֽעַבְדֻ֑הוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_19:19!11|MId=o130190190111|Strong=2050b 15 יַּֽעַבְדֻ֑ עָבַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they|Ref=1CH_19:19!11|MId=o130190190112|Strong=5647|Frame=A0:130190190021;A1:130190190113;|Type=wayyiqtol 16 הוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 obj _ Gloss=served.him|Ref=1CH_19:19!11|MId=o130190190113|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 17-18 וְלֹא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_19:19!12|MId=o130190190121|Strong=2050b 18 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 19 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=1CH_19:19!12|MId=o130190190122|Strong=3808|Type=negative 19 אָבָ֣ה אָבָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.was.willing|Ref=1CH_19:19!13|MId=o130190190131|Strong=0014|Frame=A0:130190190141;|Type=qatal 20 אֲרָ֔ם אֲרָם PROPN _ _ 19 nsubj _ Gloss=Aram|Ref=1CH_19:19!14|MId=o130190190141|Strong=0758 21-22 לְהוֹשִׁ֥יעַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1CH_19:19!15|MId=o130190190151|Strong=3807a 22 הוֹשִׁ֥יעַ יָשַׁע VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 19 xcomp _ Gloss=deliver|Ref=1CH_19:19!15|MId=o130190190152|Strong=3467|Frame=AA:130190190141;A0:130190190171;|Type=infinitive_construct 23 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1CH_19:19!16|MId=o130190190161|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 24 בְּנֵי־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 22 obj _ Gloss=the.people|Ref=1CH_19:19!17|MId=o130190190171|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 25 עַמּ֖וֹן עַמּוֹן PROPN _ _ 24 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Ammon|Ref=1CH_19:19!18|MId=o130190190181|Strong=5983 26 עֽוֹד עוֹד ADV _ _ 22 advmod _ Gloss=again|Ref=1CH_19:19!19|MId=o130190190191|Strong=5750|SpaceAfter=No 27 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=1CH_19:19!19|SpaceAfter=No 28 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=1CH_19:19!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּרְאוּ *they saw* | wayyiqtol · qal | עַבְדֵי *the servants* | נִגְּפוּ *they had been defeated* | | | | נִגְּפוּ *they had been defeated* | qatal · niphal | | עַבְדֵי *the servants* | | | | יַּשְׁלִימוּ *they made peace* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | עַבְדֵי *the servants* | | | | | יַּֽעַבְדֻ *they* | wayyiqtol · qal | עַבְדֵי *the servants* | הוּ *served him* | | | | **not** אָבָה *it was willing* | qatal · qal | אֲרָם *Aram* | | | | | הוֹשִׁיעַ *deliver* | infinitive construct · hiphil | בְּנֵי־ *the people* | | | אֲרָם *Aram* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And when the servants of Hadarezer saw that they were put to the worse before Israel, they made peace with David, and served him; neither would the Arameans help the children of Ammon any more.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.737/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1CH:674`. - ← previous: [1 Chronicles 19:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.19.18/) - next →: [1 Chronicles 20:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.20.1/) - ↑ back to [1 Chronicles 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/19/)