--- title: 1 Chronicles 19:4 — So Hanun took David's servants, and shaved them, and cut off their g… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: So Hanun took David's servants, and shaved them, and cut off their garments in the middle, even to their hips, and sent them away. Who acts: Hanun. 1 Chronicles 19:4 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.19.4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [1 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/19/) / 19:4 # 1 Chronicles 19:4 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים א **Who acts:** Hanun · **What happens:** take, shave, cut off, send away · **To what, where:** servants, garments, middle This is 1 Chronicles 19:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Hanun — and what happens in the verse to servants, garments, middle, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 29 chapters of 1 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּקַּ֨ח חָנ֜וּן אֶת־עַבְדֵ֤י דָוִיד֙ וַֽיְגַלְּחֵ֔ם וַיִּכְרֹ֧ת אֶת־מַדְוֵיהֶ֛ם בַּחֵ֖צִי עַד־הַמִּפְשָׂעָ֑ה וַֽיְשַׁלְּחֵֽם׃ [So Hanun took David's servants, and shaved them, and cut off their garments in the middle, even to their hips, and sent them away.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.717/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1CH:659 # text = וַיִּקַּ֨ח חָנ֜וּן אֶת־עַבְדֵ֤י דָוִיד֙ וַֽיְגַלְּחֵ֔ם וַיִּכְרֹ֧ת אֶת־מַדְוֵיהֶ֛ם בַּחֵ֖צִי עַד־הַמִּפְשָׂעָ֑ה וַֽיְשַׁלְּחֵֽם׃ # verse = 1CH.19.4 1-2 וַיִּקַּ֨ח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_19:4!1|MId=o130190040011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּקַּ֨ח לָקַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.took|Ref=1CH_19:4!1|MId=o130190040012|Strong=3947|Frame=A0:130190040021;A1:130190040041;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 חָנ֜וּן חָנוּן PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Hanun|Ref=1CH_19:4!2|MId=o130190040021|Strong=2586 4 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1CH_19:4!3|MId=o130190040031|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 5 עַבְדֵ֤י עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 obj _ Gloss=the.servants|Ref=1CH_19:4!4|MId=o130190040041|Strong=5650 6 דָוִיד֙ דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.David|Ref=1CH_19:4!5|MId=o130190040051|Strong=1732 7-9 וַֽיְגַלְּחֵ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_19:4!6|MId=o130190040061|Strong=2050b 8 יְגַלְּח גָּלַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=1CH_19:4!6|MId=o130190040062|Strong=1548|Frame=A0:130190040021;A1:130190040063;|Type=wayyiqtol 9 ֵ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 obj _ Gloss=shaved.them|Ref=1CH_19:4!6|MId=o130190040063|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 10-11 וַיִּכְרֹ֧ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_19:4!7|MId=o130190040071|Strong=2050b 11 יִּכְרֹ֧ת כָּרַת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.cut.off|Ref=1CH_19:4!7|MId=o130190040072|Strong=3772|Frame=A0:130190040021;A1:130190040091;|Type=wayyiqtol 12 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1CH_19:4!8|MId=o130190040081|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 13-14 מַדְוֵיהֶ֛ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 מַדְוֵי מָדוּ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 11 obj _ Gloss=robes|Ref=1CH_19:4!9|MId=o130190040091|Strong=4063 14 הֶ֛ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=1CH_19:4!9|MId=o130190040092|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 15-17 בַּחֵ֖צִי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1CH_19:4!10|MId=o130190040101|Strong=0871a 16 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1CH_19:4!10|MId=o130190040101ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 17 חֵ֖צִי חֲצִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 obl _ Gloss=middle|Ref=1CH_19:4!10|MId=o130190040102|Strong=2677 18 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1CH_19:4!11|MId=o130190040111|Strong=5704|SpaceAfter=No 19-20 הַמִּפְשָׂעָ֑ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1CH_19:4!12|MId=o130190040121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 מִּפְשָׂעָ֑ה מִפְשָׂעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 11 obl _ Gloss=buttock[s]|Ref=1CH_19:4!12|MId=o130190040122|Strong=4667 21-23 וַֽיְשַׁלְּחֵֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_19:4!13|MId=o130190040131|Strong=2050b 22 יְשַׁלְּח שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=1CH_19:4!13|MId=o130190040132|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:130190040021;A1:130190040133;|Type=wayyiqtol 23 ֵֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 obj _ Gloss=sent.them.away|Ref=1CH_19:4!13|MId=o130190040133|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 24 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 23 punct _ Ref=1CH_19:4!13 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּקַּח *he took* | wayyiqtol · qal | חָנוּן *Hanun* | עַבְדֵי *the servants* | | | | יְגַלְּח *he* | wayyiqtol · piel | חָנוּן *Hanun* | ֵם *shaved them* | | | | יִּכְרֹת *he cut off* | wayyiqtol · qal | חָנוּן *Hanun* | מַדְוֵי *robes* | | | | יְשַׁלְּח *he* | wayyiqtol · piel | חָנוּן *Hanun* | ֵֽם *sent them away* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [So Hanun took David's servants, and shaved them, and cut off their garments in the middle, even to their hips, and sent them away.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.717/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1CH:659`. - ← previous: [1 Chronicles 19:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.19.3/) - next →: [1 Chronicles 19:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.19.5/) - ↑ back to [1 Chronicles 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/19/)