--- title: 1 Chronicles 2:23 — And Geshur and Aram took Havvoth-jair from them, with Kenath, and th… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Geshur and Aram took Havvoth-jair from them, with Kenath, and the villages thereof, even threescore cities. All these were the sons of Machir the father of Gilead. Who acts: Geshur, these. 1 Chronicles 2:23 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.2.23/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [1 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/2/) / 2:23 # 1 Chronicles 2:23 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים א **Who acts:** Geshur, these · **What happens:** take, be · **To what, where:** Havvoth jair, sons This is 1 Chronicles 2:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Geshur, these — and what happens in the verse to Havvoth jair, sons, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 29 chapters of 1 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּקַּ֣ח גְּשֽׁוּר־וַ֠אֲרָם אֶת־חַוֺּ֨ת יָאִ֧יר מֵאִתָּ֛ם אֶת־קְנָ֥ת וְאֶת־בְּנֹתֶ֖יהָ שִׁשִּׁ֣ים עִ֑יר כָּל־אֵ֕לֶּה בְּנֵ֖י מָכִ֥יר אֲבִי־גִלְעָֽד׃ [And Geshur and Aram took Havvoth-jair from them, with Kenath, and the villages thereof, even threescore cities.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.90/) [All these were the sons of Machir the father of Gilead.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.91/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1CH:76 # text = וַיִּקַּ֣ח גְּשֽׁוּר־וַ֠אֲרָם אֶת־חַוֺּ֨ת יָאִ֧יר מֵאִתָּ֛ם אֶת־קְנָ֥ת וְאֶת־בְּנֹתֶ֖יהָ שִׁשִּׁ֣ים עִ֑יר כָּל־אֵ֕לֶּה בְּנֵ֖י מָכִ֥יר אֲבִי־גִלְעָֽד׃ # verse = 1CH.2.23 1-2 וַיִּקַּ֣ח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_2:23!1|MId=o130020230011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּקַּ֣ח לָקַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.took|Ref=1CH_2:23!1|MId=o130020230012|Strong=3947|Frame=A0:130020230021;130020230032;A1:130020230051;130020230091;130020230111;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 גְּשֽׁוּר־ גְּשׁוּר PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Geshur|Ref=1CH_2:23!2|MId=o130020230021|Strong=1650|SpaceAfter=No 4-5 וַ֠אֲרָם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 וַ֠ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_2:23!3|MId=o130020230031|Strong=2050b 5 אֲרָם אֲרָם PROPN _ _ 3 conj _ Gloss=Aram|Ref=1CH_2:23!3|MId=o130020230032|Strong=0758 6 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1CH_2:23!4|MId=o130020230041|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 7 חַוֺּ֨ת חַוָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 2 obj _ Gloss=the.villages|Ref=1CH_2:23!5|MId=o130020230051|Strong=2333 8 יָאִ֧יר יָאִיר PROPN _ _ 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Jair|Ref=1CH_2:23!6|MId=o130020230061|Strong=2971 9-11 מֵאִתָּ֛ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=1CH_2:23!7|MId=o130020230071|Strong=4480 10 אִתּ אֵת ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=1CH_2:23!7|MId=o130020230072|Strong=0854 11 ָ֛ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=1CH_2:23!7|MId=o130020230073|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 12 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1CH_2:23!8|MId=o130020230081|Strong=0853|SpaceAfter=No 13 קְנָ֥ת קְנָת PROPN _ _ 7 conj _ Gloss=Kenath|Ref=1CH_2:23!9|MId=o130020230091|Strong=7079 14-15 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_2:23!10|MId=o130020230101|Strong=2050b 15 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1CH_2:23!10|MId=o130020230102|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 16-17 בְּנֹתֶ֖יהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 בְּנֹתֶ֖י בַּת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 7 conj _ Gloss=daughters|Ref=1CH_2:23!11|MId=o130020230111|Strong=1323 17 הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=1CH_2:23!11|MId=o130020230112|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 18 שִׁשִּׁ֣ים שֵׁשׁ NUM _ Number=Plur 19 nummod _ Gloss=sixty|Ref=1CH_2:23!12|MId=o130020230121|Strong=8346|Type=cardinal_number 19 עִ֑יר עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 7 appos _ Gloss=citi[es]|Ref=1CH_2:23!13|MId=o130020230131|Strong=5892 20 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ Gloss=all|Ref=1CH_2:23!14|MId=o130020230141|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 21 אֵ֕לֶּה אֵלֶּה DET _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 20 det _ Gloss=these|Ref=1CH_2:23!15|MId=o130020230151|Strong=0428|Type=demonstrative 22 בְּנֵ֖י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 parataxis _ Gloss=[were].the.sons|Ref=1CH_2:23!16|MId=o130020230161|Strong=1121 23 מָכִ֥יר מָכִיר PROPN _ _ 22 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Makir|Ref=1CH_2:23!17|MId=o130020230171|Strong=4353 24 אֲבִי־ אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 appos _ Gloss=the.father|Ref=1CH_2:23!18|MId=o130020230181|Strong=0001|SpaceAfter=No 25 גִלְעָֽד גִּלְעָד PROPN _ _ 24 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Gilead|Ref=1CH_2:23!19|MId=o130020230191|Strong=1568|SpaceAfter=No 26 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 25 punct _ Ref=1CH_2:23!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּקַּח *he took* | wayyiqtol · qal | גְּשֽׁוּר־ *Geshur* + אֲרָם *Aram* | חַוֺּת *the villages* + קְנָת *Kenath* + בְּנֹתֶי *daughters* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Geshur and Aram took Havvoth-jair from them, with Kenath, and the villages thereof, even threescore cities.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.90/) 2. [All these were the sons of Machir the father of Gilead.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.91/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1CH:76`. - ← previous: [1 Chronicles 2:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.2.22/) - next →: [1 Chronicles 2:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.2.24/) - ↑ back to [1 Chronicles 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/2/)